骢马
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唐代]：万楚
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朝驱东道尘恒灭，暮到河源日未阑。
君能一饮长城窟，为报天山行路难。
骢马鉴赏
首联写骢马的毛色、装饰与气派。“金络”，指用金装饰的马笼头，形容它的富贵与华丽。“青骢”，指马的毛色和品种，是产于西域的名马，有青白相间的色泽。“白玉鞍”，指洁白似玉的马鞍。开篇在读者眼前展现的就是一匹形貌引人注目、气度不凡的良马：有着一身青白相间斑驳有致的色毛，装饰着金光闪闪的马络头，配以洁白玉石似的马鞍，主人骑着它，扬着长长的鞭子，在京郊的康庄大道上来回蹓跶，奔跑，气派十足。“金”、“青”、“白”，色彩的调配既富丽堂皇，又柔和舒适。用词造意，铺张夸饰，以突出骢马华饰的高贵和扬厉矫健的雄姿，使马的形象更为鲜明生动。
颔联写马的敏捷、矫健和雄风。早晨骏马奔驰在长安的大道上，扬起的尘土很快消散；傍晚到达黄河的发源地，太阳尚未下山。“朝”、“暮”，早晚仅为一天，说明时间的短促，“东道”、“河源”，两地相距数千里，用以夸张空间的阔远。“尘恒灭”、“日未阑”，表现骢马飞奔的神速、锐意进取的雄风。
颈联刻划骢马的功业、品格和德性。“汗血”，即“汗血马”，一种产在西域大宛国的千里马。据说此马在长途跋涉之中，至日中其汗从前肩髆小孔中流出，颜色如血。“每随”、“不惮”四字，表现了骢马艰苦卓绝、征战沙场、出生入死、为国捐躯的昂扬的战斗精神和百折不挠的坚强意志。颔、颈两联属对工致，气势开宕、豪迈，读后令人精神振奋。
尾联写对骢马的信任、勉励和希望。“君能一饮长城窟，为尽天山行路难。”表达了主人对骢马的期望，正如杜甫“所向无空阔，真堪托死生。骁腾有如此，万里可横行”（《房兵曹胡马》）之意。“能”、“尽”二字，充分表达了主人对马的信任，认为其定能为人驰骋，为国尽职，肩负起横行关塞、守边保疆的重任。反之，也表明了骢马的决心、壮志和宏愿。“长城窟”，为古乐府《饮马长城窟行》的简写，原属《相和歌·瑟调曲》。相传长城有泉窟，可以饮马。古辞原意为“征戍之客，至于长城而饮其马，妇人思念其勤劳，故作是曲也。”“行路难”，原属《乐府·杂曲歌辞》，即“备言世路艰难及离别悲伤之意”（《乐府解题》）。结句引用乐府古题，意思是只要能有建功立业、为国献身的机会，哪怕是奔赴长城内外和历尽艰难险阻的天山也在所不辞，表现了骢马的不甘寂寞、一展宏图的雄心壮志，同时也表现了诗人昂扬奋发的进取精神和立功边陲的宏伟抱负。这首诗从马的华饰，写到马的才能、突出马的品质和德性，盛赞它为国建功立业而不怕艰苦、不惜伤残的精神。一联写外在美，二三四联写内在美，主次分明，重点突出。明是赞马，实为喻人，表现诗人自己的胸襟和抱负。诗歌格调高亢，豪放旷达，体现了盛唐奋发昂扬、热情奔放的诗风。沈德潜称这首诗“几可追步老杜咏马诗。”
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朱彝尊《
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云中至日》
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辛弃疾《
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满江红·饯郑衡州厚卿席上再赋》
万楚简介
唐代·万楚的简介
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万楚，唐诗人。开元年间登进士及第。沉迹下僚，后退居颍水之滨。与李颀友善。清沈德潜谓其《骢马》诗“几可追步老杜”（《唐诗别裁集》）。《国秀集》选其诗三首，《全唐诗》存其诗八首，《全唐文》存其文一篇。生平事迹见《李颀集》卷上、《唐诗纪事》卷二0。
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