观书
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明代]：于谦
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眼前直下三千字，胸次全无一点尘。
观书译文及注释
译文
我对书籍的感情就像是多年的朋友，无论清晨还是傍晚忧愁还是快乐总有它的陪伴。
眼前浏览过无数的文字后，胸中再无半点尘世间世俗的杂念。
新鲜的想法源源不断的涌来用之不竭，像东风里花柳争换得形色簇新。
漫跨着金鞍，权贵们犹叹芳踪难寻，谅也不信这书斋里别有春景。
注释
故人：老朋友。此用拟人手法，将书卷比拟作“故人”。
“相亲”句：晨昏：即早晚，一天到晚．晨：早上。昏：黄昏。忧：愁。每：时常。亲：近。
三千字。此为泛指，并非确数。此句说明作者读书多且快，同时也写出他那种如饥似渴的情态。
胸次：胸中，心里。尘：杂念。这句说作者专心读书，胸无杂念，
“活水”句：化用朱熹《观书有感》（其一）诗中：“问渠那得清如许，谓有源头活水来。”
逐：挨着次序。
金鞍：饰金的马鞍。玉勒：饰玉的马笼头。此泛指马鞍、笼头的贵美。
庐：本指乡村一户人家所占的房地，引申为村房或小屋的通称。这里指书房。
参考资料：
1、郭太平，王元明，王涛群．《勤学古诗百首》：河南少年儿童出版社，1983年：第177页
观书创作背景
明代，科举进入后期，不少人将读书当作敲门砖，只将心思用在如何升官发财上，不再对书感兴趣了。而于谦对读书如此热爱则不同凡响。面对以做官为目的，达到目的而后放弃书本的官场恶习，酷爱读书的于谦题下《观书》一作抒发胸臆，批评读书现状。
参考资料：
1、黄士吉．《历代哲理诗巡礼》：国际炎黄文化出版社，2011：第349页
观书鉴赏
该诗盛赞书之好处，极写读书之趣，作者于谦，是明代著名民族英雄、诗人。他生性刚直，博学多闻。他的勤学苦练精神与他的高风亮节一样名传后世。这首诗写诗人自我亲身体会，抒发喜爱读书之情，意趣高雅，风格率直，说理形象，颇有感染力。
诗的首联用拟人手法，将书卷比作多情的老朋友，每日从早到晚和自己形影相随、愁苦与共，形象地表明诗人读书不倦、乐在其中。颔联用夸张、比喻手法写诗人读书的情态。一眼扫过三千字，非确数，而是极言读书之多之快，更表现诗人读书如饥似渴的心情。胸无一点尘，是比喻他胸无杂念。这两句诗使诗人专心致志，读书入迷的情态跃然纸上，也道出了一种读书方法。颈联用典故和自然景象作比，说明勤读书的好处，表现诗人持之以恒的精神。活水句，化用朱熹《观书有感》“问渠那得清如许，谓有源头活水来”句，是说坚持经常读书，就象池塘不断有活水注入，不断得到新的营养，永远清澈。“东风”句是说勤奋攻读，不断增长新知，就象东风催开百花，染绿柳枝一样，依次而来，其乐趣令人心旷神怡。尾联以贵公子反衬，显示读书人书房四季如春的胜景。读书可以明理，可以赏景，可以观史，可以鉴人，真可谓是思接千载，视通万里，这美好之情之境，岂是玩物丧志的游手好闲者流所有以领略的！
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李白《
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客中行》
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苏轼《
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饮湖上初晴后雨二首·其一》
于谦简介
唐代·于谦的简介
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于谦（1398年5月13日－1457年2月16日），字廷益，号节庵，官至少保，世称于少保。汉族，明朝浙江承宣布政使司杭州钱塘县人。因参与平定汉王朱高煦谋反有功，得到明宣宗器重，担任明朝山西河南巡抚。明英宗时期，因得罪王振下狱，后释放，起为兵部侍郎。土木之变后英宗被俘，郕王朱祁钰监国，擢兵部尚书。于谦力排南迁之议，决策守京师，与诸大臣请郕王即位。瓦剌兵逼京师，督战，击退之。论功加封少保，总督军务，终迫也先遣使议和，使英宗得归。天顺元年因“谋逆”罪被冤杀。谥曰忠肃。有《于忠肃集》。于谦与岳飞、张煌言并称“西湖三杰”。
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宋代：
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五云迎晓禁庐开，不及华衣曳老莱。
宝藏发函金作界，仙醪传羽玉为台。
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思佳客
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：
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顾随
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真把人间比梦间。子云亭下叶初丹。炷香纵使通三界，奠酒何曾至九泉。
辞北国，入西川。殷勤犹自寄诗篇。便教来世为兄弟，话到今生已惘然。
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明代：
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于慎行
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如何尘外侣，亦受世间名。佛果修无漏，官阶号不更。
紫衣宫锦制，丹诰法音迎。为问酬恩地，朝朝梵诵声。
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一春苦旱因成一章
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：
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陈振家
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似铁田泥难务耕，枯焦杂草剩蔫茎。雨星偶洒两三点，雷鼓偏搥几百声。
人定胜天虽见说，龙停司泽岂能成。彼苍莫也胸襟窄，计较凡夫懵懂情。
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慈湖中流遇大风舟危甚食时风止游灵岩寺
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宋代：
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张耒
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心悸西江浪似山，眼明僧舍一窗闲。
从今要见庐山面，画作屏风静处看。