出其东门
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两汉]：佚名
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出其东门，有女如云。虽则如云，匪我思存。缟衣綦巾，聊乐我员。
出其闉闍，有女如荼。虽则如荼，匪我思且。缟衣茹藘，聊可与娱。
出其东门译文及注释
译文
漫步城东门，美女多若天上云。虽然多若云，非我所思人。唯此素衣绿头巾，令我爱在心。
漫步城门外，美女多若茅花白。虽若茅花白，亦非我所怀。唯此素衣红佩巾，可娱可相爱。
注释
东门：城东门。
如云：形容众多。
匪：非。思存：想念。思：语助词。存：一说在；一说念；一说慰籍。
缟（gǎo 稿）：白色；素白绢。綦（qí 其）巾：暗绿色头巾。
聊：愿。员（yún 云）：同“云”，语助词。
闉闍（yīn dū 因都）：外城门。
荼：茅花，白色。茅花开时一片皆白，此亦形容女子众多。
且（jū 居）：语助词。一说慰籍。
茹藘（rú lǘ 如驴）：茜草，其根可制作绛红色染料，此指绛红色蔽膝。“缟衣”、“綦巾”、“茹藘”之服，均显示此女身份之贫贱。
参考资料：
1、《先秦诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1998年12月版，第181页
出其东门创作背景
对于这首诗的背景，旧说颇有争议。《毛诗序》以为是“闵乱”之作。清马瑞辰《毛诗传笺通释》引《夏小正》传谓“缟衣为未嫁女所服之”，断此诗主人公的爱恋对象为恋人。现代学者一般认为这是写男子表示对爱恋对象（或其妻子）专一不二的诗。
出其东门鉴赏
郑之春月，也确如姚际恒所说，乃是“士女出游”、谈情说爱的美妙时令。《郑风·溱洧》一诗说，在清波映漾的溱水、洧水之畔，更有“殷且盈”的青年男女，“秉兰”相会、笑语“相谑”，互相赠送着象征爱情的“芍药”之花。此诗所展示的，则是男女聚会于郑都东门外的一幕，那景象之动人，也决不逊色于“溱洧”水畔。“出其东门，有女如云”、“出其闉阇，有女如荼”——二章复叠，妙在均从男主人公眼中写来，表现着一种突见众多美女时的惊讶和赞叹。“如云”状貌众女之体态轻盈，在飞彩流丹中，愈显得衣饰鲜丽、缤纷照眼；“如荼”表现众女之青春美好，恰似菅茅之花盛开，愈见得笑靥灿然、生气蓬勃。面对着如许众多的美丽女子，纵然是枯木、顽石，恐怕也要目注神移、怦然动心的。
在迈出城门的刹那间，此诗的主人公也被这“如云”、“如荼”的美女吸引了。那毫不掩饰的赞叹之语，正表露着这份突然涌动的不自禁之情。然而，人的感情是奇特的，“爱情”则更要微妙难猜：“虽则如云，匪我思存”、“虽则如荼，匪我思且”——在众多美女前怦然心动的主人公，真要作出内心所爱的选择时，吐语竟如此出人意料。两个“虽则……匪我……”的转折句，正以无可动摇的语气，表现着主人公的情有独钟。好奇的读者自然要打听：他那幸运的恋人而今安在？“缟衣綦巾，聊乐我员”、“缟衣茹藘，聊可与娱”二句，即带着无限的喜悦和自豪，将这位恋人推到了你的眼前。如果你还知道，“缟衣綦巾”、“缟衣茹藘”，均为“女服之贫贱者”（朱熹），恐怕在惊奇之际，更会对主人公肃然起敬：原来他所情有独钟的，竟是这样一位素衣绿巾的贫贱之女！只要两心相知，何论贵贱贫富——这便是弥足珍惜的真挚爱情。主人公以断然的语气，否定了对“如云”、“如荼”美女的选择，而以喜悦和自豪的结句，独许那“缟衣茹藘”的心上人，也足见他对伊人的相爱之深。
由此回看诗章之开篇，那对东门外“如云”、“如荼”美女的赞叹，其实都只是一种渲染和反衬。当诗情逆转时，那盛妆华服的众女，便全在“缟衣綦巾”心上人的对照下黯然失色了。这是主人公至深至真的爱情所投射于诗中的最动人的光彩，在它的照耀下，贫贱之恋获得了超越任何势利的价值和美感。
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佚名《
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国风·郑风·野有蔓草》
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佚名《
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国风·郑风·山有扶苏》
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元代：
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