菁菁者莪
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两汉]：佚名
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菁菁者莪，在彼中阿。既见君子，乐且有仪。
菁菁者莪，在彼中沚。既见君子，我心则喜。
菁菁者莪，在彼中陵。既见君子，锡我百朋。
泛泛杨舟，载沉载浮。既见君子，我心则休。
菁菁者莪译文及注释
译文
莪蒿葱茏真繁茂，丛丛生长在山坳。已经见到那君子，快快乐乐好仪表。
莪蒿葱茏真繁茂，簇簇生长在小洲。已经见到那君子，我的心里乐悠悠。
莪蒿葱茏真繁茂，蓬蓬生长在丘陵。已经见到那君子，赐我贝币千百朋。
荡漾水面杨木舟，随着波涛任漂流。已经见到那君子，我的心里乐无忧。
注释
菁（jīng）菁：草木茂盛。莪：莪蒿，又名萝蒿，一种可吃的野草。
阿：山坳。中阿，阿中也，大陵曰阿。
仪：仪容，气度。
沚：水中小洲。中沚，沚中也。小中小洲曰沚。
中陵：陵中也。丘陵高坡之地。
锡：同“赐”。朋：上古以贝壳为货币，五贝或十贝一串，两串为“朋”。王国维《说珏朋》云：“古制贝玉皆五枚为一系，二系一朋。”
泛泛：漂浮不定的样子。杨舟：杨木做成的小船。
载：或，又。
休：喜。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：369-371
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：354-355
菁菁者莪创作背景
关于此诗，有贵族宴宾客之说，也有乐见育才之说，还有爱情诗之说。《毛诗序》说是“乐育材”，朱熹《诗集传》则批评《毛诗序》“全失诗意”，认为“此亦燕饮宾客之诗”。今人多以为是古代女子喜逢爱人之歌，很多研究者认为这是一首描写女子与心上人喜相逢的小诗。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：369-371
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：354-355
菁菁者莪鉴赏
此诗的主旨，由于诗的境界的空泛性和意象的可塑性，对其内涵可以有不同的开掘和把握。《毛诗序》“乐育材”说流传二千多年，影响至巨。连批评《毛诗序》全失诗意的朱子，在其《白鹿洞赋》中，亦有“广‘青衿’之疑问，乐《菁莪》之长育”的句子。此所谓习用典记，约定俗成者也。对诗的主题，不同的理解可以并存，似不必存此没彼。这首诗的主题，爱情说更有道理，证据之一是人们公认《小雅》中典型描写男女相悦之情的《小雅·隰桑》篇，同《小雅·菁菁者莪》不论章法、句式都非常相似；前三章中“既见君子”句式一般无二，第四章都变换声调，各自成章。
此诗前三章都以“菁菁者莪”起兴，也可以理解成记实，然不必过于拘泥，因“在彼中阿”、“在彼中沚”、“在彼中陵”的植物，除了“莪”，当然还有很多，举一概之而已。第一章，女子在莪蒿茂盛的山坳里，邂逅了一位性格开朗活泼、仪态落落大方、举止从容潇洒的男子，两人一见钟情，在女子内心深处引起了强烈震颤。第二章写两人又一次在水中沙洲上相遇，作者用一个“喜”字写怀春少女既惊又喜的微妙心理。第三章，两人见面的地点从绿荫覆盖的山坳、水光萦绕的小洲转到了阳光明媚的山丘上，暗示了两人关系的渐趋明朗化。“锡我百朋”一句，写女子见到君子后，因获得厚赐而不胜欣喜。第四章笔锋一转，以“泛泛杨舟”起兴，象征两人在人生长河中同舟共济、同甘共苦的誓愿。不管生活有顺境，有逆境，只要时时有恋人相伴，女子永远觉得幸福。
这首诗虽然只有短短十六句，但把一个美妙动人的爱情故事表现得引人入胜。和《秦风·蒹葭》相比，《蒹葭》在水乡泽国的氛围中有一缕渺远空灵、柔婉缠绵的哀怨之情，把一腔执着、艰难寻求但始终无法实现的惆怅之情，寄托于一派清虚旷远、烟水濛濛的凄清秋色之中。而《菁菁者莪》处处烘托着清朗明丽的山光和灵秀迷人的水色，青幽的山坡，静谧的水洲，另是一番情致。两首诗可谓珠联璧合，各有千秋。
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佚名《
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唐风·扬之水》
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佚名《
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叔于田》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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清代：
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乙卯仲夏偕吟友三人①游黄山登飞来石以观西海群峰有感赋此
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：
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此石来何方，卓尔成丘壑。嘉名锡飞来，应从天上落。
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山中逢巨蝶
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：
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陈振家
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菩萨蛮 其五
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清代：
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毛奇龄
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一株柳树千条叶。桃根巧向梅根接。花坞暗相通。新花隔几重。
宝函春信杳。水漫红鱼小。半格轴头丝。环环无尽时。