浣溪沙·雨湿清明香火残
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宋代]：朱敦儒
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雨湿清明香火残。碧溪桥外燕泥寒。日长独自倚阑干。
脱箨修篁初散绿，褪花新杏未成酸。江南春好与谁看。
浣溪沙·雨湿清明香火残译文及注释
译文
清明时节的雨水落在祭拜后残留的香烛纸钱上，桥下溪水碧绿，桥外燕子衔湿泥筑巢。白日渐长，独自一人人寂寞的倚着栏杆。
刚退去竹皮的竹子正散发着嫩绿之色，刚掉落花瓣的新杏，还未散发出酸味。如此好的江南美景与谁一起观赏呢。
注释
香火：香烛纸钱．用以祭祀鬼神。
燕泥寒：燕子衔湿泥筑巢。
日长：春分后，夜短日长。
箨（tuò）：竹皮，笋壳。
修篁（huáng）：美好的竹子。篁：竹．
褪花：花瓣掉落。
与谁看：与谁一起观赏。
参考资料：
1、倪木兴．《唐宋词精华》：人民文学出版社，1991：第100页
浣溪沙·雨湿清明香火残鉴赏
这首小词写于南渡后的某个清明节。全词以生动朴素的语言勾画了江南清明时节如画的风光，抒发了远离家乡的孤独感和忧时伤事的苦闷心情。
上片抓住清明时节江南特有的风光展开画面。“雨湿清明”，既点明了时间，又描状了江南一带清明时节雨纷纷的特色。“香火残”，指清明扫墓时焚烧的香烛纸钱被雨水打湿后的情状。“碧溪”，写江满溪碧青色的春水。“燕泥寒”，说南来的燕子正啄着带寒意的泥土准备筑巢。词人面对以上这些风物，不由得件件触起深沉悲凉的感慨。由清明扫墓而联想起自己逃离家乡客居江南，无法祭扫先人之坟；由燕子啄泥做窠，而联想起自己四处飘零无以为家，更由霏霏淫雨，料峭春寒，而联想起国事的暗淡艰难。透过歇拍“日长独自倚阑干”的背后，可以想见词人心中蕴含着多少辛酸沉痛的潜台词啊！上片中迷漾的景色又正与词人凄迷的心境妙合交融，富有一种深沉动人的韵。
下片写江南美好的春景及悲苦的心绪。首句描画出刚脱了笋壳的修长的新竹青翠欲滴，散发出一片耀眼的绿色，沁人心脾。次句化用苏轼“花褪残红青杏小”，（《蝶恋花》）句意，状写新近褪落了娇艳花瓣的杏花杏子尚小，嫩绿而酸，清新可爱。这样美妙的江南春色是多么令人心花怒放，神怡颜开啊！然而词人笔锋陡转，以反诘句“江南春好与谁看”收结全词。既与上片歇拍孤独怆然韵心境相呼应，又表达了自己失国亡家、忧念时事而无心观赏的沉痛心情，烙上了时代的印记。这正是朱敦儒南渡后中期词作的可贵之处。这首词如同这一时期其它同类题材的词作一样，如“独倚危楼，无限伤心处。芳草连天云薄暮”（《苏幕遮》）’“东风寂寞，可怜谁为攀折”（《念奴娇》），“秋风又到人间，叶珊珊。四望烟波无尽，欠青山”（《相见欢》），以真性情写真景物，将眼前景与心中情水乳交融地交织成浑然一体的境界，思想性和艺术性均升华到一个新的高度。
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朱敦儒简介
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朱敦儒 （1081－1159），字希真，洛阳人。历兵部郎中、临安府通判、秘书郎、都官员外郎、两浙东路提点刑狱，致仕，居嘉禾。绍兴二十九年（1159）卒。有词三卷，名《樵歌》。朱敦儒获得“词俊”之名，与“诗俊”陈与义等并称为“洛中八俊” （楼钥《跋朱岩壑鹤赋及送闾丘使君诗》）
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