一剪梅·余赴广东实之夜饯于风亭
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宋代]：刘克庄
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束缊宵行十里强。挑得诗囊，抛了衣囊。天寒路滑马蹄僵，元是王郎，来送刘郎。
酒酣耳热说文章。惊倒邻墙，推倒胡床。旁观拍手笑疏狂。疏又何妨，狂又何妨？
一剪梅·余赴广东实之夜饯于风亭创作背景
此词作于宋理宗嘉熙三年（1239年）冬，为刘克庄被贬广东时所作。刘克庄以锐意改革而屡受打击的刘禹锡自比。在作此诗之前，他已被三次削职。其愤慨怅然之情，及其清品傲骨，表现得非常清楚，与唐代的诗豪刘禹锡相比，亦觉无愧。
一剪梅·余赴广东实之夜饯于风亭鉴赏
这是一首抒写与友饯别的令词。全篇表达了词人傲视世俗的耿介个性，是他主动向社会发动“攻击”的狂放表现。语极夸张，情极大胆，豪爽、超迈，淋漓酣畅。
上片写临行前的情景——刘克庄连夜起程，王迈为其送行。先写自己将在天亮之前拿着火把，走十多里的路，不可背负过重，便把衣囊抛弃，只挑着诗囊上路。豪爽的性格与嗜诗如命的心情于此可见。“宵行”已露旅途之苦。
起句“束缊宵行十里强”，开门见山地描写连夜而行的情状。一枝火把引路，来到十里长亭，点出饯别之意。
“挑得诗囊，抛了衣囊。”表现了书生本色，诗囊里都是他的心血结晶，自然不肯轻易抛掉。诗囊里装着他的诗篇，也装着他的一腔豪情满腹抑郁。
“天寒”三句，先从自然条件的恶劣写旅途之艰苦，再点友人相送之谊。“天寒路滑马蹄僵”，一个“僵”字，写尽了艰苦之状。虽在说马，但行人颠簸于马背，冒着寒风，艰难赶路的情景，已跃然纸上。“王郎”送“刘郎”，用典巧妙。“王郎”暗指友人系“王谢”望族之后，而“刘郎”则为被贬谪者的代称。
下片写饯别情景。二人分手在即，却并不伤别感慨，而是痛饮酒酣，豪情满怀，谈文论诗，睥睨世俗，狂放不羁。二人高谈阔论，以致惊动了东邻西舍。词人曾以《落梅》诗受谤免官，他对此十分不平，所以最后三句写道：当别人笑他疏狂时，他满不在乎地回答他们，并不以疏狂为意。这正是对当时束缚思想的、严酷的礼法制度的挑战和抗议。
“酒酣耳热说文章”，从结构上说，是上片情节的结局。又是可作为下片的开端，顺势翻出新的情节，安排颇显匠心。“酒酣耳热”表现了酒逢知己的欢乐，同时又是词人热情奋发，兴会正浓的时刻。词人避开朋友间碰杯换盏的次要情节，而径直写出“说文章”的一幕，可谓善于剪裁。“说文章”极含蓄地暗示他们对时事的评论、理想的抒发，以及对忧愤的倾泄。
王实之秉性刚直，豪气干云人称子昂、太白。刘克庄也是言谈雄豪，刚直无畏。“惊倒邻墙，推倒胡床”两句，正是他们这种英豪气质的形象表现。前句写客观反响，后句写人物举动。两个狂士捋袖豁拳，乘着酒兴指点江山，语惊四座，全无顾忌，邻座惊傻观者竖发，全与我无关。这种形象的夸饰淋漓尽致地张扬了二人的豪气。
“旁观拍手笑疏狂”，作者设想，若有旁观者在此，必定拍手笑我二人疏狂。“拍手笑”是一种不被他人理解的表现，对狂者来说不足惧，倒起着反衬作用。刘克庄与王实之在志士受压、报国无门的时代，将心头的积郁，化为激烈的言词、不平常的行动，自然会被称为“疏狂”。“疏又何妨，狂又何妨！”态度明确坚定，可谓狂上加狂，雄放恣肆，豪情动人。有此一句，通篇振起。
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杜甫《
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赠李白》
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羊士谔《
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彭州萧使君出妓夜宴见送》
刘克庄简介
唐代·刘克庄的简介
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刘克庄(1187～1269) 南宋诗人、词人、诗论家。字潜夫，号后村。福建莆田人。宋末文坛领袖，辛派词人的重要代表，词风豪迈慷慨。在江湖诗人中年寿最长，官位最高，成就也最大。晚年致力于辞赋创作，提出了许多革新理论。
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：
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