贺新郎·兵后寓吴
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宋代]：蒋捷
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深阁帘垂绣。记家人、软语灯边，笑涡红透。万叠城头哀怨角，吹落霜花满袖。影厮伴、东奔西走。望断乡关知何处，羡寒鸦、到著黄昏后。一点点，归杨柳。
相看只有山如旧。叹浮云、本是无心，也成苍狗。明日枯荷包冷饭，又过前头小阜。趁未发、且尝村酒。醉探枵囊毛锥在，问邻翁。要写牛经否。翁不应，但摇手。
贺新郎·兵后寓吴译文及注释
译文
深深的闺阁绣帘垂地。还记得家人在灯烛边的绵绵话语，会心之处，嫣然一笑，酒涡迷人。万叠的山间城头传来哀怨的号角声，风把霜花吹到了我的袖口。只有影子与我为伴，我东西来回奔走。望着远处，我不知家乡在什么地方，羡慕寒鸦可以在黄昏之后，回到杨柳树上它们的巢穴。
只有山还是和原来一样，叹息亡国之后时事的变化如此之大。明天将带上枯干的荷叶包着的冷饭，越过前面那座小山，设法谋生，以便糊口。趁还没有出发，我再喝一口酒。幸喜那唯一的谋生工具毛笔还在，询问邻近的老翁需不需要抄写《牛经》，老翁只是摇手而已。
注释
贺新郎：词牌名。双调一百十六字。上下阕各十句。六仄韵。
兵后寓吴：指元军攻陷临安（1276）后，作者离开家乡，流寓在苏州一带。
帘垂绣：即绣帘垂。
涡：酒涡。
万叠：指乐曲反复不停地吹奏。
影厮伴：只有影儿相伴。
浮云苍狗：比喻世事变幻无常。
小阜：小土山。
枵（xiāo）囊：空口袋（指没有钱）。
毛锥：毛笔。
牛经：关于牛的知识的书。《三国志》注引《相印书》，说汉朝有《牛经》。
参考资料：
1、（清）上疆村民编著．《中国传统文化经典荟萃宋词三百首》：江苏美术出版社，2015.06 ：第188页
2、（宋）苏轼著．《豪放词》 ：万卷出版公司，2014.08：第244页
贺新郎·兵后寓吴创作背景
《贺新郎·兵后寓吴》作于恭帝德祐二年（1276）三月元军占领临安后，帝昺祥兴二年（1279）二月南宋最终灭亡前这三年间的某个秋天，蒋捷不肯降附元人，为了逃脱网罗与迫害，抛下妻儿老小，独自奔走他乡。作这首词的时候蒋捷正在平江府一带流浪。
参考资料：
1、钟振振著．《唐宋词举要》 ：安徽师范大学出版社，2015.06 ：第303页
贺新郎·兵后寓吴鉴赏
“深阁帘垂绣。记家人、软语灯边，笑涡红透。”闺阁深院，垂地绣帘，柔和灯光，轻言细语。会心之处，嫣然一笑，酒涡迷人。词人首先营造了记忆中温馨的氛围。但和眼前的自然之物相对照，在漂泊中自己多么希望回到故乡和家人团聚，可是“望断乡关知何处，羡寒鸦、到着黄昏后。一点点，归杨柳”，黄昏之后的“寒鸦”尚可归巢杨柳，令人羡慕不已。词中抒发的背井离乡的愁苦情怀，是战乱时代这一特定历史环境中的产物，而非一般词人平时的呻吟。“万叠城头哀怨角”，城头上反复吹奏的号角声充满哀怨，这“哀怨”是一种主观感情的外射，和对国破家亡的伤恸。
“相看只好山如旧”流露出江山易主的悲痛心情。“叹浮云”比喻世事的变幻无常。漂泊孤凄之感是和亡国之痛融合在一起的，使之更加深沉，也更加悲苦。这是一个秋风肃杀，百花凋残的季节，这是一处景物苍茫的黄昏时刻。
“明日枯荷包冷饭，又过前头小阜”，明天将带上枯干的荷叶包着的冷饭，越过前面那座小山，设法谋生，以便糊口。“趁未发、且尝村酒”从困境中显现出达观的态度。村酒饮罢，囊中依旧羞涩。“醉探枵囊毛锥在，问邻翁、要写《牛经》否。翁不应，但摇手。”微醉中探手枵囊，幸喜那唯一的谋生工具毛锥还在。他询问邻近的老翁：“需要抄写《牛经》么？”老翁只是摇手。词人东奔西走的目的和结果，在这几句话中描写的惟妙惟肖。
这是一首描写流浪生活的悲歌。在战乱的年代，词人过着流浪的生活。即使物质上再困窘，也不能使他屈服仕元。同时在词人通过老翁对《牛经》的冷淡态度的描写，透露出当时农村中凋零残败的景象，和农民生产情绪不高的事实。
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文天祥《
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指南录后序》
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刘克庄《
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北来人》
蒋捷简介
唐代·蒋捷的简介
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蒋捷（生卒年不详），字胜欲，号竹山，宋末元初阳羡（今江苏宜兴）人。先世为宜兴巨族，咸淳十年（1274）进士。南宋亡，深怀亡国之痛，隐居不仕，人称“竹山先生”、“樱桃进士”，其气节为时人所重。长于词，与周密、王沂孙、张炎并称“宋末四大家”。其词多抒发故国之思、山河之恸 、风格多样，而以悲凉清俊、萧寥疏爽为主。尤以造语奇巧之作，在宋季词坛上独标一格，有《竹山词》1卷，收入毛晋《宋六十名家词》本、《疆村丛书》本；又《竹山词》2卷，收入涉园景宋元明词续刊本。
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