山行留客
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唐代]：张旭
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山光物态弄春晖，莫为轻阴便拟归。
纵使晴明无雨色，入云深处亦沾衣。
山行留客译文及注释
译文
春光幻照之下，山景气象万千。何必初见阴云，就要匆匆回家？
就算天气晴朗，没有一丝雨意，走入云山深处，也会沾湿衣裳。
注释
山行：一作“山中”。
春晖：春光。
莫：不要。轻阴：阴云。便拟归：就打算回去。
纵使：纵然，即使。
云：指雾气、烟霭。
山行留客鉴赏
这首诗紧扣诗题中的“留”字，借留客于春山之中，描绘了一幅意境清幽的山水画。
首句“山光物态弄春辉”，写出了留客的前提条件——山中万物都在春天的阳光下争奇斗艳，呈现着一派醉人的美景。一个“弄”字出神入化，给山中景物赋予了人的性格，描绘了万物朝气蓬勃的盎然生机。全诗正面描写山景只有这一句诗。因为只有一句，所以诗人就不去描绘一泉一石，一花一木，而是从整体入手，着力表现春山的整个面貌，从万象更新的气象中，渲染出满目生机、引人入胜的意境。因为只有把这一句写得很浓，而且先声夺人，形成一种压倒的优势，“留”才有意义，客人所担心的问题才显得无足轻重。
次句“莫为轻阴便拟归”，是诗人对客人的劝留之辞，恰值游兴正浓之际，天空中忽然浮过一片“轻阴”，大有大雨将至之势，这是令客人游兴顿减的惟一客观原因，暗示了客人主观上并非不恋山景的心灵信息。次句与首句紧密相关。由于第一句蕴含丰富，很有分量，第二句虽然是否定了客人的想法，但却显得顺流而下，毫不费力。
最后两句“纵使晴明无雨色，入云深处亦沾衣”，采取以退为进、欲擒故纵的笔法，进一步劝慰客人既来之，则安之，不要错过美好春光，涉涉前行。因为客人怕“轻阴”致雨、淋湿衣服，诗人就婉曲地假设了一个晴天游春的问题——在晴天中，因为春季雨水充足，云深雾锁的山中也会水汽蒙蒙，行走在草木掩映的山径上，衣服和鞋子同样会被露水和雾汽打湿的。这也就是说，雨天游山，要“沾衣”；晴天游山，也要“沾衣”，“沾衣”是春日游山无法避免的问题，从某一角度说，这又是春日游山的一大乐趣，那么，就不必为一片“轻阴”而踯躅不前。
这两句不只是消极地解除客人的疑虑，而是巧妙地以委婉的方式，用那令人神往的意境，积极地去诱导、去点燃客人心中要欣赏春山美景的火种。
这首诗的意境异常清幽，还表现在隽永的哲理启迪上。它告诉人们：事物是复杂的，不应片面地看问题，对待困难也是如此。在人们前进的道路上，要正视困难，勇往直前，“莫为轻阴便拟归”；在克服困难中迎来的美景，才更加赏心悦目，其乐无穷。正由于诗中含义丰富而深刻，所以，这首诗与同类登山春游诗相比就更别具一番悠然不尽的韵味。
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张九龄《
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春江晚景》
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李白《
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荆门浮舟望蜀江》
张旭简介
唐代·张旭的简介
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张旭（675年—约750年），字伯高，一字季明，汉族，唐朝吴县（今江苏苏州）人。曾官常熟县尉，金吾长史。善草书，性好酒，世称张颠，也是“饮中八仙”之一。其草书当时与李白诗歌、裴旻剑舞并称“三绝”，诗亦别具一格，以七绝见长。与李白、贺知章等人共列饮中八仙之一。唐文宗曾下诏，以李白诗歌、裴旻剑舞、张旭草书为“三绝”。又工诗，与贺知章、张若虚、包融号称“吴中四士”。传世书迹有《肚痛帖》、《古诗四帖》等。
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