初出真州泛大江作
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宋代]：欧阳修
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孤舟日日去无穷，行色苍茫杳霭中。
山浦转帆迷向背，夜江看斗辨西东。
滮田渐下云间鴈，霜日初丹水上枫。
莼菜鲈鱼方有味，远来犹喜及秋风。
初出真州泛大江作译文及注释
译文
一叶孤舟每天在大江中不停地驶着，苍茫的云气将其笼罩。
我行到靠水的山脚，将船帆调转，在夜空中看北斗星来判断东西。
云间的大雁渐渐飞下水田，枫叶将霜中的太阳映得火红。
家乡的莼菜和鲈鱼味道正鲜美，远方归来的我更喜欢秋天的凉风。
注释
真州：宋代州名，即今江苏仪征。
大江：长江。
杳霭（yǎo ǎi）：远处的云气。
斗：北斗星。
滮（biāo）田：充满水的田地。滮，水流的样子。
莼（chún）菜鲈鱼：这是用晋人张翰因为秋风起而思念家乡美食的典故。
犹：还。
参考资料：
1、《晋书·张翰传》：翰因见秋风起，乃思吴中菰菜、莼羹、鲈鱼脍，曰：“人生贵得适志，何能羁宦数千里以要名爵乎？”遂命驾而归。
2、刘扬忠．欧阳修诗词集．北京：中华书局，2014：16-17
初出真州泛大江作创作背景
这首七律是仁宗景祐三年（1036）七月欧阳修贬官夷陵的路途中，乘船航行在真州江面的时候所作。这一年五月间，被贬官出京。他离开汴京后，从水路出发，七月中旬到达真州，住了十多天，然后乘船沿着大江西上。
参考资料：
1、刘扬忠．欧阳修诗词集．北京：中华书局，2014：16-17
初出真州泛大江作鉴赏
这首诗作于诗人初次前往真州的船上。诗人着意描写长江江面上的秋天景色，目的是为了排遣自己贬谪路途中的失落感与孤独感。
在首联和颔联中，作者写了“落日”、“雾霭”、“山峰”、“北斗星”等景象，体现了路途的幽远与孤寂。作者融情入景，看到如此空旷的场景，内心产生了幽寂、苍茫的情感，用写旅途的迷茫来反映出自己内心的迷茫和孤独，同时流露出自己对贬官的不满之情。在颈联与尾联中，作者笔锋一变，雄壮激扬起来。他通过写水田上飞的大雁、落日中的红枫这些乐景，写出自己已经摆脱了贬谪的孤独与忧伤，寻找到了精神的慰藉。这些美丽的场景都是在暗示着作者的心情已经逐渐开朗。尾联作者将“秋风莼鲈”的典故化用，更是表明诗人已经找到了精神的慰藉。
整诗写得平易流畅，纡徐不迫，风格与作者的文章相似。
诗人被贬夷陵，从汴京赴夷陵，可走水陆两道。诗人走的是水路。漫漫旅途，一路风波，诗人在生理和心理上都在忍受着一种从未有过的困顿和茫然，这种经历和感受，使诗人体悟到了人生的某种真谛。这种变化在本诗的前后两部分区分的很明显。
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郑思肖《
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德佑二年岁旦·其一》
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杜甫《
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和裴迪登蜀州东亭送客逢早梅相忆》
欧阳修简介
唐代·欧阳修的简介
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欧阳修（1007－1072），字永叔，号醉翁，晚号“六一居士”。汉族，吉州永丰（今江西省永丰县）人，因吉州原属庐陵郡，以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。
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：
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元夕灯词 其七
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