烛影摇红·芳脸匀红
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宋代]：周邦彦
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芳脸匀红，黛眉巧画宫妆浅。风流天付与精神，全在娇波眼。早是萦心可惯。向尊前、频频顾眄。几回想见，见了还休，争如不见。
烛影摇红，夜阑饮散春宵短。当时谁会唱阳关，离恨天涯远。争奈云收雨散。凭阑干、东风泪满。海棠开后，燕子来时，黄昏深院。
烛影摇红·芳脸匀红译文及注释
译文
香喷喷的脸儿。胭脂敷得均匀，黛色的眉毛，勾画得精巧玲珑。这淡妆正是宫中的式样。她那种天然生成的风流气质，全在一双娇波欲流的妩媚眼睛里。我们很早就互相属意称心，在筵席上常常眉目传情。也曾有好几次见面，但仅仅是见面，哎，倒不如不见面更好些！
红色的烛光摇晃着，更深夜残。筵席散了。美好的春宵，我们只觉得它太短。啊，当时谁知道会有唱《阳关曲》的一天？可是到头来竟是天涯远隔。离恨绵绵。有什么办法啊，一切都已经雨散云收了。当春天来时，我只能倚着栏杆，泪流满面，眼看着海棠花开尽，燕子也从南方飞回来，还独自在黄昏的庭院里苦苦地思念着你。
注释
烛影摇红：词牌名，又名“玉珥坠金环”“忆故人”“秋色横空”等。以毛滂词《烛影摇红·送会宗》为正体，双调四十八字，前段四句两仄韵后段五句三仄韵。另有双调五十字，前段五句两仄韵后段五句三仄韵；双调九十六字，前后段各九句五仄韵的变体。
黛：青黑色的颜料，古代用以画眉。
萦心：萦系于心。可惯：称心爱宠。
顾眄（miǎn）：回视；斜视。
争如：怎似，何如。
谁会：谁知道。阳关：即《渭城曲》。唐代王维作。
参考资料：
1、刘斯奋译著．刘斯奋诗译宋四家词选 周邦彦：广东教育出版社，2009.08：第161页
烛影摇红·芳脸匀红创作背景
该词为政和七年（1117）提举大晟府期间所作。
参考资料：
1、（宋）周邦彦著；谢永芳注评．周邦彦词：中州古籍出版社，2015.05：第337页
烛影摇红·芳脸匀红鉴赏
周邦彦这首《烛影摇红》是奉旨“增损”修改他人词作而成的。对于改写者来说，这是一项颇有难度的工作。首先是奉旨修改，宋徽宗以原作不够“丰容宛转为恨”，下令修改。要迎合精通音律的皇上心意，做到“丰容宛转”，这的确是一件难事；修改他人的作品，尤其是一首较为成功的作品，既要保持原作意旨、风格，又要使之更完美，更上一层楼，这又是一难；对于清真这样已经成名了的作家，修改他人之作，自亦需写出自己的风格特点，此为三难。而难能可贵的是，周邦彦把这三者都做到了，且做得天衣无缝。
首先周邦彦拓展了词作的容量，上片全为其所增写，并为下片的抒情做了很好的铺垫。原作主要是写离情别恨，周邦彦便在上片把时间往前推移，着力刻绘这位女子的美貌，以及两人的心心相印。这便为下片叙写思2之情作了很好的铺垫。刻画这位女子的美貌，改写者抓住她的“娇波眼”米做文章。其“芳脸”、“黛眉”虽然也精致，但“风流天付与精神，全在娇波眼”，这便传神地表达了这位女子的风韵。这位女子不仅天生丽质，而且还顺心于他，致使他“几回枢见，见了还休”，以致有“争如不见”之叹。这样，上片由”风流天付”写到相见倾心，便为下片的描写旧思，作了准备。
周邦彦“增损”的笫二步，便是在下片，即原作上作了几处改动。改动的原则是更能使原作的意旨和主题得到表现。原作第二、三、四句为“向夜阑，乍洒醒，心情懒”，周词改为“夜阑饮散春宵短”，不仅较原作精炼，而臣还写出了男主人公夜阑饮散之后的孤独，这样就为下一句叙写回忆思绪作了铺垫。第二个改动之处是“当时谁为唱阳关？”原作为“尊前谁为唱阳关？”周词的改作最主要之处是将原作的简单叙述眼前之情形改为回忆往昔，这样不仅在写法上显得婉转，有波折，避免了直说、直叙之弊，更重要的是突出显示了主人公的挥之不去的思念之情。正因为有上片对人物形象刻画的铺垫，打肓此铭心的思念，从整首词作看，也显得浑然一体。第三个改动之处在“争夺云收雨散，凭阑干，东风泪满”，原词为“无奈云沉雨散，凭闹干，东风泪眼”这一层改动的关键句在“无奈”改成“争奈”，粗看两词并无什幺很大区别，ffi细辨起来，“争奈”除了有“无奈”的意思外，还有承受不了的意思，表露了男主人公为相思之情所重压。还有“云收雨散”，“东风泪满”都较原闻有少许改动，改动的结果，就是内含更显深广，更加突出了主题。
第三，这首词经过一番“增损”，不仅使原作的意旨更加突出，而且还商’深打上周词的风格烙印。如经过改写后，全词在篇章结构上显得严密而有最次，且多变。周邦彦抓住离恨这一主题，在现实与同忆上做文章，于腾挪顿挫开合之中，多层次地表现离恨别绪，避免了过多直说、直叙而造成的弊病，厨词之讲究用字，用典是相当著名的，该词囿干原作，没有用什么典故，但叉闲其是改写，庄讲究用字上是很突出的，这在上面已经阐述了。
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李商隐《
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滞雨》
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柳宗元《
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杨白花》
周邦彦简介
唐代·周邦彦的简介
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周邦彦（1056年－1121年），中国北宋末期著名的词人，字美成，号清真居士，汉族，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。历官太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。徽宗时为徽猷阁待制，提举大晟府。精通音律，曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅，也有咏物之作。格律谨严。语言典丽精雅。长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律派词人所宗。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”。有《清真集》传世。
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元代：
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明代：
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浣沙溪上纻罗轻，少小吹笙学凤鸣。近水荷花贪并蒂，依人燕雀羡双成。
舞长自喜迎仙袂，烛灭何须绝客缨。已遣风光牵宿醉，独无凉雨解新酲。
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归来
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明代：
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杨士奇
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归来语向谁，白发故交稀。满目亭台好，伤心俗化微。
慌迷携鹤径，惭过钓鱼矶。童子何知我，犹嗤旧素衣。