骂玉郎过感皇恩采茶歌·述怀
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元代]：顾德润
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蛛丝满甑尘生釜，浩然气尚吞吴。并州每恨无亲故。三匝乌，千里驹，中原鹿。走遍长途，反下乔木。若立朝班，乘骢马，驾高车。常怀卞玉，敢引辛裾。羞归去，休进取，任揶揄。暗投珠，叹无鱼。十年窗下万言书。欲赋生来惊人语，必须苦下死工夫。
骂玉郎过感皇恩采茶歌·述怀译文及注释
译文
甑结蛛丝釜生尘，不改大丈夫的浩然之气。常恨离家在外举目无亲。绕树三匝的乌鸦找不到栖身之处，千里马遇不到能赏识它的伯乐，像范冉一样推着鹿车奔走四方。长途漫漫，境况愈艰。也想去入朝作官，驾高车驷马，纵然有辛毗那样犯颜直谏的勇气，也会像卞和那样怀宝玉无人赏识。羞于弃官归田，不肯乞求功名，任凭他人说长道短。有如明珠暗投，不能像冯谖那样一鸣惊人？苦读十年上书万言也无济于事。要想出语惊人，还是得苦下功夫。
注释
甑：古代蒸食炊器。
三匝乌：化用曹操《短歌行》中诗句：“月明星稀，乌鹊南飞。绕树三匝，无枝可依。”
反下乔木：境况反倒不如以前了。
卞玉：即和氏玉。楚人卞和曾两次献宝玉，均未被赏识，却遭受刖刑。
参考资料：
1、《元曲鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1990年7月版，第915页
骂玉郎过感皇恩采茶歌·述怀鉴赏
作者胸蓄大志，身怀书策，奔走长途，求取功名，意欲有一番作为。然而事与愿违，在屡遭碰壁和白眼后，只得黯然地返回故园。其心中的感慨悲愤，自非数语可尽，故此作采用了带过曲的形式。由〔骂玉郎〕、〔感皇恩〕、〔采茶歌〕三曲合成的“述怀”，恰如一支三部曲，分别述写了忆昔、感遇、反思的内容，奏出了失意士子心中的悲歌。
在表现手法上，这首曲有两个特点较为明显。
一是在遣词造句上，用了较多的典故与前人成句的含义，所谓“语出有据”，其实也就是在追求“辞雅”。除了注释中所提及的以外，如“尘生釜”，用《后汉书·范冉传》“釜中生尘范史云（范冉字史云）”语；“吞吴”用杜甫《八阵图》“遗恨失吞吴”；“并州”句用李白《少年行》“经过燕太子，结托并州儿”意；“暗投珠”，用《史记·邹阳传》“明月之珠，以暗投人于道路”等。这种舞文弄墨与曲的本色格格不入，却是文人作曲的普遍习惯。积渐下来，倒也造成了“文人曲”、“案头曲”的流派，在某种意义上有助于曲意的凝练雅饬。例如本篇中的“三匝乌，千里驹，中原鹿”，“常怀卞玉，敢引辛裾”，就不能说一无可取之处。
二是在意象的跨跃上比较自由，东鳞西爪，几乎有点近于现代的“意识流”。作品前三句叙述自己不因贫困而堕失壮志，四至六句即转写时光流逝、群雄争展骥足的外界形势，七、八句述出失意还乡的事实，九至十三句又表陈自己一旦得官遂志的假设，接下去则以六句诉说当下“羞归去”的感想。结尾“欲赋生来惊人语，必须苦下死工夫”的接入更奇，既似自勉，又似自嘲，总之是宣泄心中的不平之气。这样的写法可以理解为作者的思绪万千，意到笔随；不过平心而言，更多的则是体现着倚声填词硬性凑泊的影响。词、曲都有形式决定内容的一面，〔骂玉郎过感皇恩采茶歌〕句密韵促，恰恰迎合了作者在浮想联翩中“述怀”的需要。
上述两个特点本身都不能作为优点提倡，然而本曲结合自身经历痛诉肺腑，在元散曲述怀题材中不失为激愤之作，所以将它作为这一类型的一则代表而予以选入。
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李白《
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流夜郎闻酺不预》
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苏轼《
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八月七日初入赣过惶恐滩》
顾德润简介
唐代·顾德润的简介
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[元]生卒年均不详，约元仁宗延佑末前后在世（即约1320年前后在世）。字均泽，（一作君泽）号九山，松江人。生卒年均不详，约元仁宗延佑末前后在世。以杭州路吏，迁平江。德润工作曲，太和正音谱评为“如雪中乔木。”尝自刊九山乐府、诗隐二集《录鬼簿》传世。北宫词纪、太平乐府中收载他的散曲不少。
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