眼儿媚·玉京曾忆昔繁华
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宋代]：赵佶
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玉京曾忆昔繁华。万里帝王家。琼林玉殿，朝喧弦管，暮列笙琶。
花城人去今萧索，春梦绕胡沙。家山何处，忍听羌笛，吹彻梅花。
眼儿媚·玉京曾忆昔繁华译文及注释
译文
回忆汴京往昔的繁华，万里山河都属于帝王之家。奢华的宫殿园林，弦管笙琶的声音日夜不断。
花城早已是空寂无人、萧索冷落，虽然身处黄沙漫天的胡地，那繁华如春的汴京仍然时常萦绕在梦中。家乡在何处，怎么忍心听到那羌笛吹奏凄凉彻骨的《梅花落》。
注释
眼儿媚：词牌名，又名《秋波媚》。
玉京：北宋的都城汴（biàn）京。
琼（qióng）林玉殿（diàn）：指赵佶宠臣蔡京、朱腼等搜刮财货、竭尽民力兴建而成的宫殿。
笙（shēng）：簧管乐器，管为竹制，长短不一，有13至19根不等。
琶（pá）：指琵琶。
花城：指靖康之变以前的汴京。
家山：故乡。
羌（qiāng）管：即笛，又名羌笛。
梅花：在此指《梅花落》的乐声。
参考资料：
1、秦圃．《人生若只如初见重温最美古诗词》：中国华侨出版社，2013.07：第326页
2、丁国成，迟乃义．《中华诗歌精萃》：吉林大学出版社，1994.11：第1199页
3、朱孝臧．《宋词三百首》：中国华侨出版社，2012.05：第256页
眼儿媚·玉京曾忆昔繁华创作背景
北宋皇帝宋钦宗靖康年间（公元1126~1127年），金军攻破东京（今河南开封），俘虏了词人与其子，这首词即是词人为了表达亡国之痛而写下的。
参考资料：
1、许万．《美丽绘画 走进美丽中国 欣赏美丽绘画》：北京大学出版社，2014.04：第8页
眼儿媚·玉京曾忆昔繁华鉴赏
“玉京曾忆昔繁华。万里帝王家”两句，词人追忆起北宋都城汴京昔日的繁华景象，同时也指出了北宋曾经坐拥万里山河，现在却都成了陈迹。“曾”字，点明了这一切繁华都已经在历史舞台上落幕了，如今词人已经是亡国之君，沦为敌人的阶下之囚。后面的“琼林玉殿，朝喧弦管，暮列笙琶”三句，词人将昔日汴京的繁华之景具体化了。“琼林玉殿”极力表现帝王之家的奢华，“朝喧弦管，暮列笙琶”极力展现帝王生活的放纵无度。
“花城人去今萧索，春梦绕胡沙”两句，词人写昔日万花丛生的汴京城，如今已是人去城颓，到处都是断壁残垣，一派萧条破败的景象，尽管自己现在置身于尘沙漫天的茫茫大漠，但那汴京城的繁华却经常在自己的梦中萦绕不去。“花城”二字，形象地表现了汴京城昔日的繁花似锦，“春梦”寄托着词人在被俘之后对故国的无限思念之情。结拍的“家山何处，忍听羌笛，吹彻梅花”三句，写的是词人梦醒之后的情思，说他听到羌笛阵阵，想起自己现在身处漠北，已经陷于囹圄，国家已亡，山河破碎，无处为家，怎么忍受得了吹奏《梅花落》的乐声所带来的痛苦。
词的上片追忆亡国前汴京城的繁华，通过对昔日汴京生活的追忆，抒发了词人对故国的怀念之情。词的下片虚实结合，写词人被俘之后的愁苦，将词人心中的思国之愁和亡国之痛表现得韵味悠长。全词忆昔伤今，言辞简练但余味悠长，将复杂的感情梳理得具体，将亡国之君的亡国之痛和思国之愁表现得真实可感。
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菩萨蛮令·金陵怀古》
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佚名《
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胡笳曲》
赵佶简介
唐代·赵佶的简介
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宋徽宗，名赵佶（公元1082年5月初5～1135年6月4日），神宗11子，哲宗弟，是宋朝第八位皇帝。赵佶先后被封为遂宁王、端王。哲宗于公元1100年正月病死时无子，向皇后于同月立他为帝。第二年改年号为“建中靖国”。宋徽宗在位25年（1100年2月23日—1126年1月18日），国亡被俘受折磨而死，终年54岁，葬于永佑陵（今浙江省绍兴县东南35里处）。 他自创一种书法字体被后人称之为“瘦金书”。
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