后庭花·一春不识西湖面
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宋代]：许棐
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知心惟有雕梁燕。自来相伴。东风不管琵琶怨。落花吹遍。
后庭花·一春不识西湖面译文及注释
译文
一个春季没和西湖谋面，怕见外边这花香日暖的春天。窗外的雨应和着我的泪水，挥动着我手中的笔管吐诉情感，心中的思念那么长，信笺却这么短，我怎么能够把话说得完。
懂得我心的只有这雕梁上的春燕，飞来飞去地与我相伴。东风哪会晓得我琵琶声中的忧怨，刮来刮去又把花儿吹落一片。
注释
一春不识西湖面：指整个春天自己都独居房中，未去欣赏西湖春景。
翠羞红倦：湖面上叶密花谢，春意阑珊。
湘管：用湘竹做的毛笔。
后庭花·一春不识西湖面鉴赏
上片先从春游说起。我们的女主人公因为良人离家远行，无心绪去风光旖旎的西湖春游。“一春不识”，涵盖了整个一个春天都未出游；而“不识西湖面”则把西子湖人格化了。“翠羞红倦”乃“羞翠倦红”之意。这位少妇本来是花容月貌可以与绿叶红花匹敌的，但因心绪不佳，面色无华，因而羞见绿叶，倦赏红花。这是从一个层面、一个角度表现了女主人公郁郁心情。
接下来。词人又从另一个角度、另一个层面表现她的情绪：“雨窗和泪摇湘管，意长笺短”。在下着霏霏细雨的窗前，这位少妇在给良人写信，她含泪摇着笔管将自己的情思倾吐在纸上，然而意长笺短，言不尽意，心中的万语千言只能略表一二。这里的“湘管”是指笔管乃由湘妃竹所制。相传大舜南巡不归，其二妃娥皇、女英（帝尧之二女）日夜哭泣，泪洒于竹，竹尽成斑。因而“湘管”也包含悲苦、垂泪之意。“雨窗和泪”已够悲矣（天泪与人泪合一），再加之湘妃之泪，三泪交融，少妇心境之悲表现尽矣！这是第二个层面。
下片前二句乃第三层面：少妇之心惟有雕梁之上的燕子理解。这表现了女主人公是寂寞的，空房只有燕子相伴；同时也说明女主人公是贞洁的，她从不招蜂惹蝶，每天和她在一起的只有梁上燕；再者表明孤高的、内向的，她不与凡人为伍，只与紫燕为友，向它倾诉心曲。
最后两句展示了女主人公内心世界的第四个层面：她通晓音律，善弹琵琶，她把自己的哀怨诉诸其弦：她怨时光的流驶，红颜的短暂，希望春光较长地留在人间；然而东风无情，它不管琵琶的哀怨，仍吹走了春光，把落花吹得满地都是。这落花岂不是自己青春的象征吗？她哀叹自己的美丽年华就这样在离愁别恨中匆匆凋零，等闲消逝……
“西湖”──“湘管”──“梁燕”──“落花”，词人就是通过这四个意象段，多方位、多层面地展示了抒情主人公的内心世界，描画出一条具有个性特征和特定情境的人物情感律动线。
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欧阳修《
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阮郎归·南园春半踏青时》
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许棐《
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后庭花·一春不识西湖面》
许棐简介
唐代·许棐的简介
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许棐fěi（？～1249）字忱夫，一字枕父，号梅屋。海盐人（今属浙江）。生卒年均不详，约宋理宗宝庆初前后在世。嘉熙中（公元1239年左右）隐于秦溪，筑小庄于溪北，植梅于屋之四檐，号曰梅屋。四壁储书数千卷，中悬白居易、苏轼二像事之。
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