八声甘州·对潇潇暮雨洒江天
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宋代]：柳永
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对潇潇暮雨洒江天，一番洗清秋。渐霜风凄紧，关河冷落，残照当楼。是处红衰翠减，苒苒物华休。唯有长江水，无语东流。
不忍登高临远，望故乡渺邈，归思难收。叹年来踪迹，何事苦淹留？想佳人妆楼颙望，误几回、天际识归舟。争知我，倚阑杆处，正恁凝愁！(阑一作：栏)
八声甘州·对潇潇暮雨洒江天译文及注释
译文
面对着潇潇暮雨从天空洒落在江面上，经过一番雨洗的秋景，分外寒凉清朗。凄凉的霜风一阵紧似一阵，关山江河一片冷清萧条，落日的余光照耀在高楼上。到处红花凋零翠叶枯落，一切美好的景物渐渐地衰残。只有那滔滔的长江水，不声不响地向东流淌。
不忍心登高遥看远方，眺望渺茫遥远的故乡，渴求回家的心思难以收拢。叹息这些年来的行踪，为什么苦苦地长期停留在异乡？想起美人，正在华丽的楼上抬头凝望，多少次错把远处驶来的船当作心上人回家的船。她哪会知道我，倚着栏杆，愁思正如此的深重。
注释
潇潇：风雨之声。
一番洗清秋：一番风雨，洗出一个凄清的秋天。
霜风凄紧：秋风凄凉紧迫。霜风，秋风。凄紧，一作“凄惨”。
是处红衰翠减：到处花草凋零。是处，到处。红，翠，指代花草树木。语出李商隐《赠荷花》诗：“翠减红衰愁杀人。”
苒（rǎn）苒：渐渐。
渺邈：遥远。
淹留：久留。
颙（yóng）望：抬头远望。
误几回、天际识归舟：多少次错把远处驶来的船当作心上人回家的船。语出谢朓《之宣城郡出新林浦向板桥》：“ 天际识归舟，云中辩江树。”
争：怎。
恁（nèn）：如此。凝愁：忧愁凝结不解。
参考资料：
1、蘅塘退士 等．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首．北京：华文出版社，2009年11月版：第198页
八声甘州·对潇潇暮雨洒江天创作背景
柳永出身士族家庭，有求仕用世之志。适逢北宋安定统一，首都歌楼妓馆林林总总被流行歌曲吸引，乐与伶工、歌妓为伍，初入世竟因谱写俗曲歌词，遭致当权者挫辱而不得伸其志。他于是浪迹天涯，用词抒写羁旅之志和怀才不遇的痛苦愤懑。这首词大约作于柳永游宦江浙之时。
八声甘州·对潇潇暮雨洒江天鉴赏
此词开头两句写雨后江天，澄澈如洗。一个“对”字，已写出登临纵目、望极天涯的境界。当时，天色已晚，暮雨潇潇，洒遍江天，千里无垠。其中“雨”字，“洒”字，和“洗”字，三个上声，循声高诵，定觉素秋清爽，无与伦比。
自“渐霜风”句起，以一个“渐”字，领起四言三句十二字。“渐”字承上句而言，当此清秋复经雨涤，于是时光景物，遂又生一番变化。这样词人用一“渐”字，神态毕备。秋已更深，雨洗暮空，乃觉凉风忽至，其气凄然而遒劲，直令衣单之游子，有不可禁当之势。一“紧”字，又用上声，气氛声韵写尽悲秋之气。再下一“冷”字，上声，层层逼紧。而“凄紧”“冷落”，又皆双声叠响，具有很强的艺术感染力量，紧接一句“残照当楼”，境界全出。这一句精彩处“当楼”二字，似全宇宙悲秋之气一起袭来。
“是处红衰翠减，苒苒物华休。”词意由苍莽悲壮，而转入细致沉思，由仰观而转至俯察，又见处处皆是一片凋落之景象。“红衰翠减”，乃用玉溪诗人之语，倍觉风流蕴藉。“苒苒”，正与“渐”字相为呼应。一“休”字寓有无穷的感慨愁恨，接下“惟有长江水，无语东流”写的是短暂与永恒、改变与不变之间的这种直令千古词人思索的宇宙人生哲理。“无语”二字乃“无情”之意，此句蕴含百感交集的复杂心理。
“不忍”句点明背景是登高临远，云“不忍”，又多一番曲折、多一番情致。至此，词以写景为主，情寓景中。但下片妙处于词人善于推己及人，本是自己登远眺，却偏想故园之闺中人，应也是登楼望远，伫盼游子归来。“误几回”三字更觉灵动。结句篇末点题。“倚阑干”，与“对”，与“当楼”，与“登高临远”，与“望”，与“叹”，与“想”，都相关联、相辉映。词中登高远眺之景，皆为“倚闺”时所见；思归之情又是从“凝愁”中生发；而“争知我”三字化实为虚，使思归之苦，怀人之情表达更为曲折动人。
这首词章法结构细密，写景抒情融为一体，以铺叙见长。词中思乡怀人之意绪，展衍尽致。而白描手法，再加通俗的语言，将这复杂的意绪表达得明白如话。这样，柳永的《八声甘州》终成为词史上的丰碑，得以传颂千古。全词景中有情，情中带景。上片于壮丽的秋景之中含有凄凉伤感之柔情，下片于缠绵的离情中带有伤感之景，前后情景交相辉映。上片写观景，虽未点明登楼而登楼之意自明；下片于“依栏杆处”再点登楼，起到了首尾呼应作用。笔法之高妙，于此可见，作者不愧为慢词的奠基人。
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柳永《
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八声甘州·对潇潇暮雨洒江天》
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苏轼《
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临江仙·夜饮东坡醒复醉》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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明代：
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张弼
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白雁风高秋气凉，画船渺渺旆央央。张翰江上莼偏美，陶令篱边菊正香。
稽首不胜恩浩荡，推冠一任鬓沧浪。何时骑马来寻访，榄叶阴中吸荔浆。
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赵郭八景为郭学宪舜举赋 其六 斜林牧笛
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：
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欧大任
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会稽人去谢浮名，曾著貂裘采药行。醉后骑牛吹短笛，西林今听两三声。
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旧吏杨时哲王宪相从久入京时复一至执轴乞诗书往事分题各四首予之 其三
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：
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庞嵩
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木密林中出凤梧，相年腊味称提壶。寻幽更着东瓜步，羡尔能从亦壮夫。