长相思·惜梅
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宋代]：刘克庄
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寒相催。暖相催。催了开时催谢时。丁宁花放迟。
角声吹。笛声吹。吹了南枝吹北枝。明朝成雪飞。
长相思·惜梅鉴赏
此词题为“惜梅”；上片着重在一个“惜”字上。
起首两句写梅的开放和谢落。“寒相催”，“暖相催”是指气候转暖，促使梅花萎谢。以下两句叹息寒催梅开，暖催梅落，早开便会早落，因此就叮嘱花儿，还是迟一点开吧。其惜花之心，由此可见。及到花飞春去，就感伤不已，真是惜花兼又伤春。对此作者有不同的看法，认为，花儿开得迟些，甚而至于不开，那就没有谢落之事，当然也不会生惜花之心。此即所谓“无得亦无失”，也是妙参佛理的“了达”之语，由此可见作者的人生态度是“殊有悟境”。
下片从惜梅引申到伤时。先写闻曲有感，但闻角声传出《大梅花》、《小梅花》的曲调，笛声传出《梅花落》的曲子。因为汉代军中之乐横吹曲中有《梅花落》是笛中曲名。角也是军中吹器，唐大角曲就有《大梅花》、《小梅花》等曲。“鸣角”又有“收兵”之义，因此，边境告急，城危如卵，谁又能承担起恢复中原的重任呢？词意至此，已从惜花转到忧时。
“吹了南枝吹北枝”，此句承上两句而来；南方气候温和，寒流罕至，岭梅往往南枝花落，北枝花开，所以说角声、笛声吹落了南枝梅花，又吹落了北枝。这里暗与上文照应，隐指危机存在于偏安江南之小朝廷。
末句词意一转，仍归结到惜梅上。梅花开时清香阵阵，沁人心脾。梅花落时，片片花瓣，漫天飞舞，宛若飘飘白雪，使人观之不胜叹惋，欲留不能。一个“惜”字，深入骨髓。
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方岳《
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水调歌头·平山堂用东坡韵》
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欧阳修《
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浪淘沙·把酒祝东风》
刘克庄简介
唐代·刘克庄的简介
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刘克庄(1187～1269) 南宋诗人、词人、诗论家。字潜夫，号后村。福建莆田人。宋末文坛领袖，辛派词人的重要代表，词风豪迈慷慨。在江湖诗人中年寿最长，官位最高，成就也最大。晚年致力于辞赋创作，提出了许多革新理论。
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