长相思·汴水流
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唐代]：白居易
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思悠悠，恨悠悠，恨到归时方始休。月明人倚楼。
长相思·汴水流译文及注释
译文
汴水长流，泗水长流，流到长江古老的渡口，遥望去，江南的群山在默默点头，频频含羞，凝聚着无限哀愁。
思念呀，怨恨呀，哪儿是尽头，伊人呀，除非你归来才会罢休。一轮皓月当空照，让我俩紧紧偎傍，倚楼望月。
注释
汴水：源于河南，东南流入安徽宿县、泗县，与泗水合流，入淮河。
泗水：源于山东曲阜，经徐州后，与汴水合流入淮河。
瓜州：在今江苏省扬州市南面。
吴山：泛指江南群山。
悠悠：深长的意思。
长相思·汴水流鉴赏
在朦胧的月色下，映入女子眼帘的山容水态，都充满了哀愁。前三句用三个“流”字，写出水的蜿蜒曲折，也酿造成低徊缠绵的情韵。下面用两个“悠悠”，更增添了愁思的绵长。特别是那一派流泻的月光，更烘托出哀怨忧伤的气氛，增强了艺术感染力，显示出这首小词言简意富、词浅昧深的特点。
相思是人类最普遍的情感之一。也是历代诗家文人付诸歌咏的最佳题材之一。古诗中多用“长相思”三字，如《古诗十九首》中就有“上言长相思”、“著以长相思”、“行人难久留，各言长相思”等。南朝陈后主、徐陵、江总，唐李白等都有拟作。内容多写女子怀念久出不归的丈夫。至于白居易这首《长相思》，则有其特定的相思对象，即他的侍妾樊素。
樊素善歌《杨柳枝》，因又名柳枝。因为种种原因，樊素自求离去，白氏在《别柳枝》绝句中说：“两枝杨柳小楼中，袅袅多年伴醉翁。明日放归归去后，世间应不要春风。”可见作者对于樊氏的离去十分伤感。这首《长相思》词也表达了相同的情感。
词的上阕写樊素回南必经之路。因为她是杭州人氏，故作者望吴山而生愁。汴水、泗水是一去不复回的，随之南下的樊素大概也和河水一样，永远离开了他。所以作者想象中的吴中山脉，点点都似愁恨凝聚而成。短短几句，把归人行程和愁怨的焦点都简括而又深沉地传达了出来。尽管佳人已去，妆楼空空，可作者一片痴情，终难忘怀，他便于下阕抒发了自己的相思之痛。两个“悠悠”，刻画出词人思念之深。这种情感的强烈，只有GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人的回归才能休止。然而那不过是空想，他只能倚楼而望，以回忆昔日的欢乐，遣散心中的郁闷而已。
这篇作品形式虽然短小，但它却用回环复沓的句式，流水般汩汩有声的节奏，贯穿于每个间歇终点的相同韵脚，造成了绵远悠长的韵味，使相思之痛、离别之苦，表现得更加淋漓尽致。
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白居易简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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