玉楼春·戏林推
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宋代]：刘克庄
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年年跃马长安市。客舍似家家似寄。青钱换酒日无何，红烛呼卢宵不寐。
玉楼春·戏林推译文及注释
译文
年年骑着高头大马在京城里东奔西跑，竟然把客舍当成了家里，家里反而像成了寄宿的地方一样。每天都拿着青铜大钱买酒狂饮，整日吊儿郎当，无所事事一天混到晚，每天晚上点起红烛掷骰赌博，经常都是彻夜不眠一直到天亮。
你应该知道，妻子的真情容易得到，妓女的心思却难以触摸猜透。西北的神州还没有收复，男子汉应该有收复故土的豪情壮志，切不要为了红粉知已而轻易地流下几行男儿泪。
注释
玉楼春：词牌名。词谱谓五代后蜀顾夐词起句有“月照玉楼春漏促”、“柳映玉楼春欲晚”句；欧阳炯起句有“日照玉楼花似锦”、“春早玉楼烟雨夜”句，因取以调名（或加字令）。亦称《 木兰花 》、《 春晓曲 》、《西湖曲》、《惜春容》、《归朝欢令》、《呈纤手》、《归风便》、《东邻妙》、《梦乡亲》、《续渔歌》等。 双调五十六字，前后阕格式相同，各三仄韵 ，一韵到底。
林推：姓林的推官，词人的同乡。
长安：借指南宋都城临安。
寄：客居。此句说客居的日子多于家居的日子。
青钱：古铜钱成色不同，分青钱、黄钱两种。无何：不过问其他的事情。
红烛呼卢：晚上点烛赌博。呼卢，古时一种赌博，又叫樗蒲，削木为子，共五个，一子两面，一面涂黑，画牛犊，一面涂白，画雉。五子都黑，叫卢，得头彩。掷子时，高声大喊，希望得到全黑，所以叫呼卢。李白《少年行》：“听卢百万终不惜，报仇千里如咫尺。”
锦妇机中字：织锦中的文字。化用前秦窦滔妻苏惠织锦为回文诗以寄其夫的典故。晋窦滔妻苏惠字若兰，善属文。滔仕前秦符坚为秦州刺史，被徒流沙。苏氏在家织锦为回文璇玑图诗，用以赠滔。诗长八百四十字，可以宛转循环以读，词甚凄惋。
玉人：美人，这里指妓女。这句说妓女的心事是不易捉摸的。
水西桥：刘辰翁《须溪集·习溪桥记》载“闽水之西”（在福建建瓯县“，为当时名桥之一，又《丹徒县志·关津》载”水西桥在水西门。“此处泛指妓女所居之处。
玉楼春·戏林推鉴赏
此词是刘克庄为规劝林姓友人而写的一篇佳作。饮酒狎妓，原是文人津津乐道的快事。但时值国运衰颓，时势艰危，词人早已没有了心思。因此对林姓友人的纵酒狎妓生活深感惋惜和遗憾。因而写词予以规劝，颇具辛派词人特色。
词的上片极力描写林的浪漫和豪迈。“年年跃马长安市，客舍似家家似寄”言其久客轻家。“长安”借指南宋都城临安（今杭州）。年年驰马于繁华的都市街头，视客舍（借指酒楼妓馆）如家门而家门反像寄居之所，可见其性情之落拓。“青钱换酒日无何，红烛呼卢宵不寐”则具言其纵情游乐。二句盖从杜甫《逼侧行赠毕四曜》“速宜相就饮一斗，恰有三百青铜钱”及晏几道《浣溪沙》“户外绿杨春系马，床前红烛夜呼卢”等语化出。“无何”即无事，“呼卢”指赌博。日夜不休地纵酒浪博，又可见其生活之空虚。
作者在其它词作中也提到过这位林姓朋友的狎妓纵欲生活，可以互参。如此描写，表面上是对林的豪迈性格的赞赏，实际上则是对林的放荡行为的惋惜。
下片就点对林的规箴。“易挑锦妇机中字，难得玉人心下事？”二句对举成文，含蓄地批评他迷恋青楼、疏远家室的错误。妻子情真意切，忠实可靠，妓女水性杨花，朝秦暮楚，一点也不值得信赖。结末“男儿西北有神州，莫滴水西桥畔泪”二句熔裁辛弃疾《贺新郎·同父见和再用韵答之》“我最怜君中宵舞，道男儿到死心如铁”及《水调歌头。送施密圣与帅江西》“同贱子亲再拜：西北有神州”等句意，热情而严肃地呼唤林某从偎红倚翠中解脱出来，立志为收复中原建立一番功业。“水西桥”是当时妓女聚居的一个地方，“莫滴水西桥畔泪”即不要同那些妓女们混在一起，洒抛那种无聊的伤离恨别之泪。这样的规箴，辞谐而意甚庄，“旨正而语有致”（《艺概》评后村词语）。末二语尤见壮心，“足以使懦夫有立志”（《白雨斋词话》评此词语）。
总之，这首词的情感格调是非常高的。词中充满着一种高扬的爱国主义激情，对声色犬马的糜烂生活极其不屑，让人读后击节佩赏。其艺术风格上的特色是：气劲辞婉，中刚外柔。作者对他这位朋友的荒于狎妓是非常惋惜的，从篇末二句一扬一抑的情感落差来看，甚至颇有点愠怒。但用来表达此种惋惜和愠怒的言语却十分委婉，心中激昂慷慨，笔下温厚和平，摧刚为柔达炉火纯青的地步。此词章法亦甚精巧，上片写人，下片致意，既各有所重，又相得益彰。
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姜夔《
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扬州慢·淮左名都》
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温庭筠《
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望江南·梳洗罢》
刘克庄简介
唐代·刘克庄的简介
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刘克庄(1187～1269) 南宋诗人、词人、诗论家。字潜夫，号后村。福建莆田人。宋末文坛领袖，辛派词人的重要代表，词风豪迈慷慨。在江湖诗人中年寿最长，官位最高，成就也最大。晚年致力于辞赋创作，提出了许多革新理论。
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孙绪
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拂袖拜三贤，云霞映暮天。孤忠徒自许，一死竟谁怜。
玄化昭心事，丹诚付简编。明禋逢盛世，肸蚃自年年。
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蝶恋花·将去扬州重至湖上作
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：
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黄侃
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波上残阳红万叠。小得勾留，不负清秋节。一纪重来情绪别。
芦花替我头如雪。
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兵乱后自嬄杂诗 其八
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宋代：
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吕本中
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夷甫终隳晋，群胡迫帝居。王纲板荡后，国势土崩初。
戈戟连梁苑，头颅塞浚渠。天心应助顺，侧听十行书。