寄扬州韩绰判官
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唐代]：杜牧
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寄扬州韩绰判官译文及注释
译文
青山隐隐约约绿水千里迢迢，秋时已尽江南草木还未枯凋。
二十四桥明月映照幽幽清夜，你这美人现在何处教人吹箫？
注释
韩绰：事不详，杜牧另有《哭韩绰》诗。判官：观察使、节度使的属官。时韩绰似任淮南节度使判官。
迢迢：指江水悠长遥远。一作“遥遥”。
草未凋（diāo）：一作“草木凋”。凋：凋谢。
二十四桥：一说为二十四座桥。北宋沈括《梦溪笔谈·补笔谈》卷三中对每座桥的方位和名称一一做了记载。一说有一座桥名叫二十四桥，清李斗《扬州画舫录》卷十五：“廿四桥即吴家砖桥，一名红药桥，在熙春台后，……扬州鼓吹词序云，是桥因古二十四美人吹箫于此，故名。”
玉人：貌美之人。这里是杜牧对韩绰的戏称。一说指扬州歌妓。教：使，令。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（下）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：1327
2、吴鸥．杜牧诗文选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：133-134
3、蘅塘退士 等．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首．北京：华文出版社，2009：87
4、张国举．唐诗精华注译评．长春：长春出版社，2010：682-683
寄扬州韩绰判官创作背景
此诗是杜牧被任为监察御史，由淮南节度使幕府回长安供职后所作，具体写作时间约在唐文宗大和九年（835年）或开成元年（836年）秋。唐文宗大和七年（833年）至大和九年（835年），杜牧曾任淮南节度使掌书记，与韩绰是同僚。
唐代的扬州，是长江中下游繁荣的都会，店肆林立，商贾如云，酒楼舞榭，比比皆是，“每重城向夕，倡楼之上，常有绛纱灯数万，辉罗耀列空中，九里三十步街中，珠翠填咽，邈若仙境”（《太平广记》卷273引《唐阙文》）。“性疏野放荡”的杜牧，在这样的环境中，常出没于青楼倡家，有不少风流韵事，韩绰在这方面是他同道，所以回到长安后写诗寄赠。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：376-377
寄扬州韩绰判官鉴赏
这是一首调笑诗。诗的首联是写江南秋景，说明怀念故人的背景，末联是借扬州二十四桥的典故，与友人韩绰调侃。意思是说你在江北扬州，当此深秋之际，在何处教美人吹箫取乐呢？颓废喧哗的地方更让诗人怀念对面江南的青山绿水。
唐文宗大和七年四月到九年初，杜牧曾在淮南节度使（使府在扬州）牛僧孺幕中作过推官和掌书记，和当时在幕任节度判官的韩绰相识。这首诗当是杜牧离扬州幕府后不久寄赠韩绰之作，具体写作时间约在大和九年秋或开成元年秋。杜牧在韩死后作过《哭韩绰》诗，可见他与韩绰有深厚的交谊。
前两句“青山隐隐水迢迢，秋尽江南草未凋”。回忆想像中江南的秋日风光：青山一带，隐现天际，绿水悠长，迢迢不断。眼下虽然已到深秋，但想必温暖的江南草木尚未凋零，仍然充满生机吧。扬州地处长江北岸，但整个气候风物，实与江南无异；不少诗人有“烟花三月下扬州”、“春风十里扬州路”的诗句，说明扬州在当时人的心目中，简直是花团锦簇，四季如春；而诗人此刻正在北方中原地区遥念扬州，因而他自然而然地将扬州视为风光绮丽的“江南”了。“草未凋”与“青山”、绿水组合在一起，正突现了江南之秋明丽高远，生机勃勃的特征。诗人非常怀念繁华的旧游之地，在回忆想像中便赋予扬州以完美。这两句特意渲染山青水秀、草木常绿的江南清秋景色，正是要为下两句想像中的生活图景提供美好的背景。而首句山、水相对，“隐隐”、“迢迢”迭用，次句“秋尽江南”与“草未凋”之间的转折，更构成了一种抑扬顿挫，悠扬有致的格调，诗人翘首遥思、怀恋繁华旧游的感情也隐约表达出来了。
“二十四桥明月夜，玉人何处教吹箫？”诗的三四两句美景落到旧日同游好友韩绰身上，点醒寄赠之意，趁此表现出扬州特有的美景佳胜，和自己对它的怀念遥想，诗人将回忆之地集中到“二十四桥明月夜”，因为此景最能集中体现扬州风光繁华独绝、浪漫美丽。二十四桥，是唐代扬州城内桥梁的总称，所谓“二十四桥明月夜”将活动场所集中在小桥明月，实际上等于说扬州明月夜，更加突出扬州的“江南”水乡特点，杜牧在扬州作幕的两年中，经常于夜间到十里长街一带征歌逐舞，过着诗酒流连风流放纵的生活。当时韩绰想必也常与诗人一起游赏。诗人设问：
此时此刻，你在二十四桥中的哪一桥上教歌女伎倡们吹箫作乐、流连忘返呢？“何处”应上“二十四桥”，表现了想像中地点不确定的特点，且以问语隐隐传出悠然神往的意境。这幅用回忆想像织成的月明桥上教吹箫的生活图景，不仅透露了诗人对扬州繁华景象，令风流才子们醉心不已的生活的怀恋，而且借此寄托了对往日旧游之地的思念，重温了彼此同游的情谊；既含蓄地表现了对友人的善意调侃，又对友人现在的处境表示了无限欣慕。
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王翰《
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凉州词二首·其一》
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皎然《
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寻陆鸿渐不遇》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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寰中天子，塞外将军。
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题张子正运使所藏杨德懋山居老闲图仍次元韵四首 其四
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南北朝：
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王寂
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张侯诗敏落黄閒，杨丈规摹逼老关。二妙通灵恐仙去，夜窗风雨要防闲。
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汪仲子持令兄栗亭及诸君书自歙至广州相问于其归也为诗二章送之兼寄诸君 其二
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清代：
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屈大均
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相思黄岳甚，况复故人多。汝向丰溪曲，为予传啸歌。
白云无事否，春色奈愁何。心似诸峰月，依依在女萝。