自夏口至鹦鹉洲夕望岳阳寄源中丞
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唐代]：刘长卿
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孤城背岭寒吹角，独树临江夜泊船。(独树一作：独戍)
贾谊上书忧汉室，长沙谪去古今怜。
自夏口至鹦鹉洲夕望岳阳寄源中丞译文及注释
韵译
鹦鹉洲在长江中浮沉，无浪也无烟；
我这楚客思念中丞，心绪更加渺远。
汉口斜映着夕阳，飞鸟都纷纷归巢；
洞庭湖的秋水，烟波浩渺远接蓝天。
汉阳城后的山岭，传来悲凉的号角；
滨临江边的独树旁，夜里泊着孤船。
当年贾谊上书文帝，全是忧心汉室；
他却被贬谪居长沙，古今谁不衰怜！
注解
汀洲：水中可居之地，指鹦鹉洲。
楚客：指到此的旅人。夏口古属楚国境。
孤城：指汉阳城，城后有山。
角：古代军队中的一种吹乐器。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等 ．全唐诗（上） ．上海 ：上海古籍出版社 ，1986年10月版 ：第357页 ．
2、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010年12月版 ：第250-251页 ．
自夏口至鹦鹉洲夕望岳阳寄源中丞创作背景
该诗当是诗人在至德（唐肃宗年号，756—758）间任鄂州转运留后，出巡到夏口一带时所作。作者自夏口乘船出发，夕阳西下时便抵达鹦鹉洲，触景生情，写了这首诗，寄给远在洞庭湖畔的元中丞。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010年12月版：第250-251页
2、张国伟 韩成武．唐诗三百首赏析：河北人民出版社，1995：405-406
自夏口至鹦鹉洲夕望岳阳寄源中丞鉴赏
该诗当是诗人在至德（唐肃宗年号，公元756年—758年）间任鄂州转运留后，出巡到夏口一带时所作。
该诗是遭贬后触景感怀之作。诗中对被贬于岳阳的源中丞，表示怀念和同情，也是借怜贾谊贬谪长沙，以喻自己的遭贬谪。前六句主要是描绘江乡浩渺静谧之景。首联写诗人为身边景物所触动，而想到贬于洞庭湖畔岳阳城友人，通过写江上浪烟来寄托对友人的思念之情。中间两联所写，都是诗人由夏口至鹦鹉洲一路的所见所闻。“夕阳度斜鸟”写时间已晚，无法到达；“秋水远连关”写地域遥远，只能相思，不得相过。最后两句“贾谊上书忧汉室，长沙谪去古今怜”为劝慰元中丞语，忧愤之语倾泻而出，以同情友人在政治上遭受打击的境遇作结，也是作者自己人生遭际的写照。全诗以写景为主，但处处切题，以“汀洲”切鹦鹉洲，以“汉口”切夏口，以“孤城”切岳阳。最后即景生情，抒发被贬南巴的感慨，揭示出向源中丞寄诗的意图。
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柳宗元《
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晨诣超师院读禅经》
刘长卿简介
唐代·刘长卿的简介
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刘长卿(约726 — 约786)，字文房，汉族，宣城（今属安徽）人，唐代诗人。后迁居洛阳，河间（今属河北）为其郡望。玄宗天宝年间进士。肃宗至德中官监察御史，后为长洲县尉，因事下狱，贬南巴尉。代宗大历中任转运使判官，知淮西、鄂岳转运留后，又被诬再贬睦州司马。德宗建中年间，官终随州刺史，世称刘随州。
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