子夜吴歌·秋歌
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唐代]：李白
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子夜吴歌·秋歌译文及注释
译文
长安城内一片月光，千户万户都在捣衣。
秋风吹送捣衣声声，家家怀念戍边之人。
何时才能平息边境战争，让我丈夫结束远征。
注释
一片月：一片皎洁的月光。
万户：千家万户。捣衣：把衣料放在石砧上用棒槌捶击，使衣料绵软以便裁缝；将洗过头次的脏衣放在石板上捶击，去浑水，再清洗。
吹不尽：吹不散。
玉关：玉门关，故址在今甘肃省敦煌县西北，此处代指良人戍边之地。
平胡虏：平定侵扰边境的敌人。
良人：古时妇女对丈夫的称呼。《诗·唐风·绸缪》：“今夕何夕，见此良人。”罢：结束。
参考资料：
1、葛景春．李白诗选：中华书局，2005：326-329
2、詹福瑞 等．李白诗歌全译：河北人民出版社，1997：229-231
子夜吴歌·秋歌创作背景
六朝乐府的《清商曲·吴声歌曲》里有《子夜四时歌》，李白这组诗是沿用乐府旧题创作的新词，其创作的具体时间难以考证。
参考资料：
1、裴 斐．李白诗歌赏析集．成都：巴蜀书社，1988：338-341
子夜吴歌·秋歌鉴赏
全诗写征夫之妻秋夜怀思远征边陲的良人，希望早日结束战争，丈夫免于离家去远征。虽未直写爱情，却字字渗透着真挚情意；虽没有高谈时局，却又不离时局。情调用意，都没有脱离边塞诗的风韵。
月色如银的京城，表面上一片平静，但捣衣声中却蕴含着千家万户的痛苦；秋风不息，也寄托着对边关思念的深情。读来让人怦然心动。结句是闺妇的期待，也是GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人的心声。
笼统而言，诗人的手法是先景语后情语，而情景始终交融。“长安一片月”是写景，同时又是紧扣题面，写出了“秋月扬明辉”的季节特点。而见月怀人是古典诗歌传统的表现方法，加之秋来是赶制征衣的季节，所以写月也有起兴的意义。此外，月明如昼，正好捣衣，而那“玉户帘中卷不去，捣衣砧上拂还来”的月光，也容易勾起思妇的相思之情。制衣的布帛须先置砧上，用杵捣平捣软，是谓“捣衣”。这明朗的月夜，长安城就沉浸在一片此起彼落的砧杵声中，而这种特殊的“秋声”，对于思妇又是一种难耐的挑拨。“一片”、“万户”，写光写声，似对非对，措辞天然而得咏叹味。秋风，也是撩人愁绪的，“秋风入窗里，罗帐起飘扬”，便是对思妇的第三重挑拨。月朗风清，风送砧声，声声都是怀念玉关GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人的深情。用“总是”二字，情思益见深长。这里，秋月秋声与秋风织成浑成的境界，见境不见人，而人物却好像真的在，“玉关情”也很浓。王夫之评价说：“前四句是天壤间生成好句，被太白拾得。”（《唐诗评选》）此情之浓，不可遏止，于是有了末二句直表思妇的心声：“何日平胡虏，良人罢远征？”后世的某些人偏爱“含蓄”，如田同之就曾说：“余窃谓删去末二句作绝句，更觉浑含无尽。”（《西圃诗说》）其实未必是这样。“不知歌谣妙，声势出口心”（《大子夜歌》），慷慨天然，是民歌本色，原本不必故意使用那种吞吞吐吐的用语。而从内容上看，正如沈德潜指出的“本闺情语而忽冀罢征”（《说诗晬语》），使诗歌思想内容大大深化，更具社会意义，表现出古代劳动人民冀求能过和平生活的善良愿望。全诗手法如同电影，有画面，有“画外音”。月照长安万户、风送砧声、化入玉门关外荒寒的月景、插曲：“何日平胡虏，良人罢远征。”……这是十分有意味的诗境，读者须知，这种犹如女声合唱的“插曲”决不多余，它是画面的有机组成部分，在画外也在画中，它回肠荡气，激动人心。因此，《秋歌》从正面写到思情，而有不尽之情。
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李白《
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清平调·其一》
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李白《
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子夜吴歌·春歌》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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