子夜吴歌·夏歌
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唐代]：李白
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五月西施采，人看隘若耶。
回舟不待月，归去越王家。
子夜吴歌·夏歌译文及注释
译文
镜湖之大有三百余里，到处都开满了欲放的苛花。
西施五月曾在此采莲，引得来观看的人挤满了若耶溪。
西施回家不到一个月，便被选进了宫中。
注释
子夜吴歌：六朝乐府吴声歌曲。《唐书·乐志》：“《子夜吴歌》者，晋曲也。晋有女子名子夜，造此声，声过哀苦。”《乐府解题》：“后人更为四时行乐之词，谓之《子夜四时歌》。”李白的《子夜吴歌》也是分咏四季，这是第三首《秋歌》。并由原来的五言四句扩展为五言六句。
镜湖：一名鉴湖，在今浙江绍兴县东南。
菡（hàn）萏（dàn）：荷花的别称。古人称未开的荷花为“菡萏”，即花苞。
若耶：若耶溪，在今浙江绍兴境内。溪旁旧有浣纱石古迹，相传西施浣纱于此，故又名“浣纱溪”。
回舟不待月：指西施离去之速，就在回舟的时候，月亮尚未出来，就被带邀而去了。这是夸饰的修辞手法。
子夜吴歌·夏歌鉴赏
这首诗以写景起端：“镜湖三百里，菡萏发荷花。”广阔三百里的镜湖，在含着花苞的荷花吐发的时候，西施泛舟出现了，成为采莲人，但是她的艳丽和美名引起了轰动，“人看隘若耶”，人人争餐秀色，使宽阔的若耶溪变得狭隘了，这一“隘”字传神，那种人潮汹涌、人舟填溪满岸的热闹场面，犹如呈现在读者眼前，将王维的“艳色天下重”的虚写，变成了轰动当地的如实描绘。这里又戛然而止，不再在西施身上着墨，而留下了很大的想象空间，让读者以合理的想象来补足：勾践早已确定使用美人计来对付吴国，而西施的美艳倾倒众生，轰动当地，那么越国的君臣也不用去费力探访了，有了这位不二的美女人选之后，才“回舟不待月，归去越王家”。较之王维的“朝为越溪女，暮作吴宫妃”，语异而意同，王维的诗多了一重曲折，略去了勾践君臣实施美人计的过程；李白的诗实施了“截割”，割去了选作吴宫妃子的结果，同样地表现了“艳色天下重”的意义。这种截割，多了一些含蓄和暗示：既然是“归向越王家”，勾践同样也能留下这个美人，但他在“报吴”、“复仇”的目标下克制住了；而西施的入吴，却成为亡吴的原因之一。这等于是提醒读者：“到底是因为吴王夫差好色之过，还是由于西施成了亡吴的关键？如果西施是灭亡吴国的关键，那么越国在后来的灭亡又是因为什么？”李白没有对后续的发展着墨，并不是他写不出，而是他有意不写。这样做，同样给读者留下了想象的余地。
西施采莲，在若耶溪里，不但有传说，而且合情理；至于泛舟三百镜湖之中，则是作者的想象了。但这一想象却有更改事实之嫌，因为如果是借镜湖湖水的清澈来表现西施“自鉴其美”，或者是借三百里的水程来表现拜倒西施的人的众多，那么下句“人看隘若耶”就显得多余了，这可能是李白百密一疏的笔误。
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李白《
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行路难·其二》
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杜甫《
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丽人行》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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