薛宝钗咏白海棠
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清代]：曹雪芹
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珍重芳姿昼掩门，自携手瓮灌苔盆。
淡极始知花更艳，愁多焉得玉无痕。
欲偿白帝宜清洁，不语婷婷日又昏。
薛宝钗咏白海棠鉴赏
首联“珍重芳姿昼掩门，自携手瓮灌苔盆”，描绘出诗人端凝庄重的性格。首句一语双关，因“珍重芳姿”而致白昼掩门，既写诗人珍惜白海棠，又写诗人珍重自我，刻画出封建时代贵族少女的矜持心理。诗人用“手瓮”盛水亲自浇灌白海棠，亦是爱惜花儿，珍重自我的一种表现。
颔联“胭脂洗出秋阶影，冰雪招来露砌魂”，使用倒装，即“秋阶洗出胭脂影，露砌招来冰雪魂”。海棠色白，故云“洗出胭脂影”：洗掉涂抹的胭脂而现出本色，这正是宝钗性爱雅淡，不爱艳装的自我写照。“露砌”和“秋阶”同指白海棠生长的环境。“冰雪魂”指白海棠精魂如冰雪般洁白，亦是宝钗自写身份。
颈联“淡极始知花更艳，愁多焉得玉无痕”，进一步描写白海棠的色彩、丰韵之美。上句承“胭脂”句发挥，谓白海棠一洗颜色，淡极更艳，颇合艺术辩证法，实写自我身份：安分随时，藏愚守拙，而更显淑女之端庄凝重。下句承“冰雪”句开掘，谓白海棠清洁自励，宁静自安，岂如多愁之玉，留下瘢痕。“愁多”句应是以宝黛之多愁善感反衬自己的宁静娴雅。
尾联“欲偿白帝凭清洁，不语婷婷日又昏”，“白帝”在此实指自然，全联的意思是说：白海棠愿以其清洁之身回报自然，她婷婷玉立，默然不语，迎来了又一个黄昏。这实际上是宝钗的内心独白和自我写照。“不语”一词可见宝钗的稳重，“凭清洁”之语更可见她自誉自信的心理状态。
此诗有意以白海棠关合自己，以花写人，反映出薛宝钗以稳重、端庄、淡雅、宁静、清洁自诩的内心世界。李纨评此诗第一，就是因为“这诗有身份”。
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彭元逊《
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六丑·杨花》
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辛弃疾《
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水龙吟·载学士院有之》
曹雪芹简介
唐代·曹雪芹的简介
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曹雪芹，名霑，字梦阮，号雪芹，又号芹溪、芹圃。清代著名文学家，小说家。先祖为中原汉人，满洲正白旗包衣出身。素性放达，曾身杂优伶而被钥空房。爱好研究广泛：金石、诗书、绘画、园林、中医、织补、工艺、饮食等。他出身于一个“百年望族”的大官僚地主家庭，因家庭的衰败饱尝人世辛酸，后以坚韧不拔之毅力，历经多年艰辛创作出极具思想性、艺术性的伟大作品《红楼梦》。
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