昭君怨·咏荷上雨
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宋代]：杨万里
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午梦扁舟花底，香满西湖烟水。急雨打篷声，梦初惊。
却是池荷跳雨，散了真珠还聚。聚作水银窝，泻清波。(泻清波一作：泛清波)
昭君怨·咏荷上雨译文及注释
译文
夏日午眠，梦见荡舟西湖荷花间，满湖烟水迷茫、荷花清香扑鼻。突然如筛豆般的阵雨敲击船篷，发出“扑”、“扑”的声音，把我从西湖赏荷的梦境中惊醒。
以为是在西湖赏荷，却原来是在家中午休，遇急雨击池中荷叶把我惊醒，梦醒后观庭院荷池，急雨敲打荷叶，雨珠跳上跳下，晶莹的雨点忽聚忽散，散了如断线的珍珠，四处迸射，使人眼花缭乱，最后聚在叶心，像一窝泛波的水银，亮晶晶的。
注释
昭君怨：词牌名，又名《宴西园》、《一痕沙》。四十字，全阕四换韵，两仄两平递转，上下片同。
扁舟：小船。
烟水：雾霭迷蒙的水面。
打篷声：雨落船篷之声。
真珠：即珍珠。形圆如豆，乳白色，有光泽，是某些软体动物(如蚌)壳内所产。为珍贵的装饰品，并可入药。
水银：喻水珠。
清波：清澈的水流。
参考资料：
1、史杰鹏 ．《宋词三百首正宗》 ．北京 ： 华夏出版社 ， 2014.3 ：300-301 ．
昭君怨·咏荷上雨鉴赏
这首小令用轻松活泼的笔调写自己梦中泛舟西湖和被雨惊醒后的情景。
上片写梦中泛舟西湖花底，骤雨打篷，从梦中惊醒。“午梦扁舟花底，香满西湖烟水。”“扁舟”，小船；花底，花下。词人午睡，梦中驾着小船在西湖荷花之下泛游，烟雾缭绕的水面上荷花的香味四溢。这两句写的虽是梦境，但形象逼真，如同一幅绝妙的水墨画，淡笔素描，勾勒出湖面胜景的一个轮廓，呈现在读者面前。“急雨打篷声，梦初惊。”突然，一阵暴雨击打船篷的声音，把他从梦中惊醒，一瞬间，先前的扁舟、荷花、烟水顿时消失，可以想见，词人此时对梦境还有些留恋，对雨声打断他的美梦不无遗憾。
下片写醒来所见景物，与先前的梦境相映成趣。“却是池荷跳雨，散了真珠还聚。”“却是”二字，承上启下，把梦境和现实串在一起。原来，先前梦中听到的“急雨打篷声”，睁眼一看，是雨点落在门前池塘中的荷叶发出的声音。“跳”字说明雨下得很急，与上片的“打”字相呼应。雨珠在荷叶上活蹦乱跳，形同一粒粒的珍珠，“珠珠”被雨点击散，又重新聚合，因此说“散了……还聚”，若不是观察仔细，是很难提炼出这样的佳句来的。“聚作水银窝，泻清波。”“水银”二字作比喻，形象地写出水珠在荷叶上滚动聚合的状貌。这两句是说，雨点聚多了，聚成水银般的一窝，此时叶面无法承受它的重量，叶上的积水便泻入池中。“跳”、“散”、“聚”、“泻”，四个动词连用，把雨打荷叶，荷叶面上水珠滚动，周而复始的情景写得活灵活现。
词构思巧妙，意境新颖，梦境与现实对照写来，曲折而有层次，极富变化，细细品味，似乎看到晶莹璀灿的珍珠在碧绿的“盘”中滚动；似乎嗅到荷花的阵阵幽香，有很强的艺术魅力。
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咏雨》
杨万里简介
唐代·杨万里的简介
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杨万里，字廷秀，号诚斋，男，汉族。吉州吉水（今江西省吉水县）人。南宋杰出诗人，与尤袤、范成大、陆游合称南宋“中兴四大诗人”、“南宋四大家”。
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