选冠子·雨湿花房
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宋代]：吕渭老
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雨湿花房，风斜燕子，池阁昼长春晚。檀盘战象，宝局铺棋，筹画未分还懒。谁念少年，齿怯梅酸，病疏霞盏。正青钱遮路，绿丝明水，倦寻歌扇。
空记得、小合题名，红笺青制，灯火夜深裁剪。明眸似水，妙语如弦，不觉晓霜鸡唤。闻道近来，筝谱慵看，金铺长掩。瘦一枝梅影，回首江南路远。
选冠子·雨湿花房鉴赏
词作上片主要写主人公目前的倦怠心情与懒散情态。“雨湿花房，风斜燕子，池阁昼长春晚”，开首三句写景，点出气候和时令。三句写来有区别，先说第三句，其中有主人公的活动，即晚春时候，他呆在池畔楼阁中，无聊地度过这长长的白天。“昼长”是晚春的自然现象，然语气中带有不耐的意味。前二句则是主人公从楼阁上望见的外界景色：花儿被雨打湿，燕子被风吹得斜斜地飞，原来外面天气不好，正刮风下雨。晚春时本已开始凋谢的花儿，现又被雨打，那将凋谢得更迅速；燕子体小轻捷，现在却被风吹得轻捷不起来，只能斜斜歪歪地飞。总之，主人公所见到的景象是令人不愉快的，似乎风雨正在加速春天逝去。此景是主人公主观选择的，同时也给闷在楼阁上的主人公增添了烦闷。这里“雨湿花房，风斜燕子”中的“湿”、“斜”二字作动词用，与周邦彦《满庭芳》中“风老莺雏，雨肥梅子”中“老”、“肥”用法近似，有异曲同工之妙。接下至上片结束，分三层写主人公的倦怠心情与懒散情态。首先，“檀盘战象，室局铺棋，筹画未分还懒”，写下棋。下棋的目的是为了消磨时光，排遣烦闷，以度过漫长的晚春白昼。摆开檀木棋盘，布好棋局，可是在尚未分胜负之时，自己就懒得再下了。其次，“谁念少年，齿怯梅酸，病疏霞盏”，写饮酒。青梅煮酒，是晚春独特的活动。宋晏殊《诉衷情》词：“青梅煮酒斗时新，天气欲残春。”可是，主人公却怯于品尝带酸味的新鲜青梅，病厌厌地亦疏远了美酒。“霞盏”，即霞杯，酒杯，代指美酒。以上两层均写的是在室内的活动情况。在室内既无法排遣，那就到外面去看看。“正青钱遮路，绿丝明水，倦寻歌扇，”第三层写的是主人公来至室外之所见。此时天已晴了，飘落的榆钱堆满路上，碧绿的柳条轻拂着明净的池水，虽是晚春景色，却也明朗宜人。可是主人公却没有心情去听歌观舞。“歌扇”，歌舞时所用之扇。这里指代歌舞。从以上所描写的三层内容来看，这位主人公无论做什么事，无论在什么地方，无论天气阴雨还是晴朗，他都提不起精神，倦怠、懒散到极点。三层写得极有层次，一层深于一层，中间穿插“谁念少年”问语，既表现主人公苦闷至极、不禁脱口而呼的情态，亦点明他是男性；而且在写法上有变化，避免了平直呆板。
词作下片，前半回忆往昔怀心上人相聚时的欢乐，后半想象对方思念自己的情况。开首三句，“空记得、小阁题名，红笺青制，灯火夜深裁剪，”回忆当初二人在一起时的活动和欢乐。“题名”，《唐书？选举志》：“举人既及第，又有曲江会题名席。”李肇《国史补》：“既捷，列书其姓名于慈恩寺塔，谓之题名会。”这里只是题写姓名之意。“红笺”，一种精美的小幅红纸，多作名片、请柬或题诗词用，这里是指后者。“青制”，当是用墨笔书写之意。当初二人在小楼上，用精美的纸写诗，签上名，并在灯光下共同对诗润饰加工直到深夜。“裁剪”，这里指对诗文的润饰加工。回忆是如此的甜蜜温馨，心上人的形象自然而然地浮现在主人公脑际，“明眸似水，妙语如弦，不觉晓霜鸡唤”三句，描写心上人的形象。只拈出眼睛与声音，并未全面描绘。写她的眼睛似秋水般明净，这样写，不仅以点带面地突出了她的美丽；而且眼睛是心灵的窗户，也表现了她的智慧与聪明。“妙语如弦”，不仅写了她有“妙语联珠”的口才，也写出她说话似唱歌般美妙动听的声音。如此描写，不仅不落俗套，且富特色，予人以极深印象。面对那一双美目，耳听那美妙的话音，主人公沉浸在幸福之中。时间在不知不觉中过去，突然晓鸡一声，才知天已亮了，真是良宵苦短。从以上所写来看，主人公和其心上人有共同的爱好和雅兴，文化修养相近，是美满的一对。然而词人在此六句句首冠以“空”为领字，一切美好的回忆都是徒然的，因为他们终于分离了。接下词人调转笔触，写对方情况，“闻道近来，筝谱慵看，金铺长掩”三句，听说她近来懒于看筝谱，不弹奏乐器，门户久闭，足不出户，不接待客人。“金铺”，门上兽面形铜制环钮，用以衔环，这里代指门。三句通过两个行动，表明心上人亦正为相思所苦。由此看来，二人的分离并非由于感情破裂，而是有其他人为的原因。结二句，“瘦一枝梅影，回首江南路远”，主人公想象心上人如此思念自己，如此自我折磨，她必然消瘦了。“瘦一枝梅影”，以梅为喻，描绘出心上人的倩影，虽瘦却风韵依然，楚楚动人，也写出了心上人的高洁品格。想及心上人目前之情况，恨不得立即回到她身边，可是江南路遥，相隔千里，只有无可奈何。五代·后周·王仁裕《开元天宝遗事》上“风流薮泽”载：“长安有平康坊，妓女所居之地，京都侠少，萃集于此。兼每年新进士以红笺纸游谒其中，时人谓此坊为风流薮泽。”唐·韩翃《送万巨》诗：“红笺色夺风流座，白纻词倾翰墨场。”“本词用“题名”、“红笺”及“筝谱”等词，看来词人所思念之女子当是位
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纳兰性德《
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临江仙·点滴芭蕉心欲碎》
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虞集《
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听雨》
吕渭老简介
唐代·吕渭老的简介
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吕渭老（生卒年不详），一作吕滨老，字圣求，嘉兴（今属浙江）人。宣和、靖康年间在朝做过小官，有诗名。南渡后情况不详。赵师岌序其词云：“宣和末，有吕圣求者，以诗名，讽咏中率寓爱君忧国意。”“圣求居嘉兴，名滨老，尝位周行，归老于家。”今存《圣求词》一卷。
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明代：
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元代：
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旧吏杨时哲王宪相从久入京时复一至执轴乞诗书往事分题各四首予之 其三
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：
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元代：
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赵汸
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旧游何处觅苔矶，水涸山童事事非。忽到小溪深树侧，鸳鸯惊起逐群飞。
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题刘教谕两山书堂
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明代：
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杨荣
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左峰俨飞盖，右峰如聚毂。两峰并高寒，对峙气清淑。
羡尔志冲澹，于焉构书屋。中藏万卷馀，琅琅时诵读。