山行即事
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唐代]：王质
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浮云在空碧，来往议阴晴。
荷雨洒衣湿，蘋风吹袖清。
鹊声喧日出，鸥性狎波平。
山色不言语，唤醒三日酲。
山行即事译文及注释
译文
浮云在万里澄碧的晴空上来往飘荡，似乎在把天气的阴晴酝酿。
微雨轻敲着荷叶，发出细碎急促的声响，不一会也洒湿了衣裳；从水面浮萍间飘来的和风吹拂着衣袖，带来一阵清凉。
忽而雨过天晴，喜鹊喳喳喧闹，迎接朝阳；鸥鸟也在风平浪静的水面尽情游翔。
经过风吹雨洗之后，山色更加明净秀丽，它虽然不言不语，却使人醉意全消，神清气爽。
注释
空碧：即“碧空”。
荷雨：化用李商隐诗句“留得枯荷听雨声”。指沿途有荷花，下的雨不大。
蘋风：宋玉《风赋》：“夫风生于地，起于青蔸之末。从水面浮萍之间飘来的风。
喧：声音大而嘈杂。是说喜鹊对日出的喜悦
狎（xiá）：亲热、玩乐的意思。是说水鸥在波平如镜的水面上尽情地玩乐。
酲（chéng）：酒醒后的困惫状态。这里指山色的可爱，能够使人神清气爽，困意全消。
参考资料：
1、叶正苗、邱才妹、章路平．高考古今诗词鉴赏300题：浙江古籍出版社，2000年：第172页
山行即事鉴赏
首联写天气，统摄全局，极精采。两句诗应连起来读、连起来讲：飘浮的云朵在碧空里你来我往，忙于“议”，“议”什么？“议”究竟是“阴”好，还是“晴”好。“议”的结果怎么样，没有说，接着便具体描写“山行”的经历和感受：“荷雨酒衣湿”，下起雨来了；“鹊声喧日出”，太阳又出来了。浮云议论不定，故阴晴也不定。宋人诗词中往往用拟人化手法写天气，姜夔《点绛唇》中的“数峰清苦，商略黄昏雨”尤有名。但比较而言，王质以浮云“议阴晴”涵盖全篇，更具匠心。
“荷雨”一联承“阴”。先说“荷雨”，后说“酒衣湿”，见得先听见雨打荷叶声而后才意识到下雨，才感觉到“衣湿”。这雨当然比“沽衣欲湿杏花雨”大一点，但大得也有限。同时，有荷花的季节衣服被雨酒湿，反而凉爽些。“蘋风”是从浮萍之间吹来的风，说它“吹袖清”，见得那风也并不狂。雨已湿衣，再加风吹，其主观感受是“清”而不是寒，表明如果没有这风和雨，“山行”者就会感到炎热了。
“鹊声”一联承“晴”。喜鹊喜干厌湿，所以叫“干鹊”。雨过天晴，喜鹊“喧”叫，这表现了鹊的喜悦，也传达了人的喜悦。试想：荷雨湿衣，虽然暂时带来爽意，但如果继续下，没完没了，“山行”者就不会很愉快；所以诗人写鹊“喧”，也正是为了传达自己的心声。“喧”后接“日出”，造句生新：“喜鹊喧叫：‘太阳出来了！’多么传神！“鹊声喧日出“，引人向上看，由“鹊”及“日”；“鸥性狎波平”引人向下看，由“鸥”及“波”。鸥，生性爱水，但如果风急浪涌，它也受不了。如今雨霁风和，“波平”如镜，鸥自然尽情玩乐。“狎”字也像“喧”字一样用得很精彩，“狎”有“亲热”的意思。也有“玩乐”的意思，这里都适用。
像首联一样，尾联也用拟人化手法，其区别在于前者正用，后者反用。有正才有反，从反面说，“山色不言语”，从正面说，自然是“山色能言语”。惟其能言语，所以下句用了个“唤”字。刚经过雨洗的“山色”忽受阳光照耀，明净秀丽，“不言语”已能“唤醒三日醒”；对于并未喝酒烂醉的人来说，自然更加神清气爽，赏心悦目。
以“山行”为题，结尾才点出“山”，表明人在“山色”之中。全篇未见“行”字，但从浮云往来到荷雨湿衣、蘋风吹袖、鹊声喧日、鸥性狎波，都是“山行”过程中的经历、见闻和感受。合起来，就是所谓“山行即事”。全诗写得兴会淋漓，景美情浓，艺术构思也相当精巧。
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王夫之《
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金乡张氏园亭》
王质简介
唐代·王质的简介
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王质，字华卿，太原祁人。五代祖通，字仲淹，隋末大儒，号文中子。通生福祚，终上蔡主簿。福祚生勉，登进士第，制策登科，位终宝鼎令。勉生怡，终渝州司户。怡生潜，扬州天长丞。质则潜之第五子。少负志操，以家世官卑，思立名于世，以大其门。寓居寿春，躬耕以养母，专以讲学为事，门人受业者大集其门。年甫强仕，不求闻达，亲友规之曰：“以华卿之才，取名位如俯拾地芥耳，安自苦于亹茸者乎？扬名显亲，非耕稼可致也。”质乃白于母，请赴乡举。
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