满江红·暮雨初收
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宋代]：柳永
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暮雨初收，长川静、征帆夜落。临岛屿、蓼烟疏淡，苇风萧索。几许渔人飞短艇，尽载灯火归村落。遣行客、当此念回程，伤漂泊。
桐江好，烟漠漠。波似染，山如削。绕严陵滩畔，鹭飞鱼跃。游宦区区成底事，平生况有云泉约。归去来、一曲仲宣吟，从军乐。
满江红·暮雨初收译文及注释
译文
傍晚的落雨刚刚停止，桐江一片寂静，远征的航船在夜幕中靠岸停泊。对面的岛屿上，水蓼稀疏雾霭寒凉，秋风吹拂芦苇萧索作响。多少渔人行驶着小船，却只见船上的灯火飞快地回归村落。对此令我思念起回归的路程，对漂泊生活产生了厌倦而忧伤的情绪。
桐江景色美丽，雾霭漠漠密布，好似浸入了水波之中，山峰如刀削一般，白鹭和鱼儿围绕严陵濑飞翔和跳跃。游宦生涯跋涉辛苦一事无成，何况早就有归隐云山泉石的心愿。回归吧，羡慕渊明的躬耕田园，厌倦仲宣的从军艰苦。
注释
满江红：词牌名，唐人小说《冥音录》载曲名为《上江虹》，后改今名。柳永始填此调，有仄韵、平韵两体，此词为仄韵，为正体。《乐章集》注“仙吕调”，高栻词注“南吕调”。格调沉郁激昂，前人用以发抒怀抱，佳作颇多。双调九十三字，上片八句四仄韵，下片十句五仄韵。
长川静：长河一片平静。川，指江河。征帆：远行船上之帆。
蓼烟：笼罩着蓼草的烟雾。蓼，水蓼，一种生长在水边的植物。
苇风：吹拂芦苇的风。萧索：象声词，形容风声。元稹《酬乐天雪中见寄》：“知君夜听风萧索，晓望林亭雪半糊。”
几许：有几个。短艇：轻快的小艇。
遣：使，令。行客：词人自谓。回程：回家的路程。
桐江：在今浙江桐庐县北，即钱塘江中游自严州至桐庐一段的别称。又名富春江。
漠漠：弥漫的样子。杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》：“俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。”
严陵滩：又名严滩、严陵濑。在桐江畔。
游宦：春秋战国时期，士人离开本国至他国谋求官职，谓之游宦，后泛指为当官而到处飘荡。底事：何事，为了什么事呢？
云泉约：与美丽的景色相约，引申为归隐山林之意。云泉，泛指美丽的景色。
归去来：赶紧回去吧。陶潜著《归去来兮辞》以抒归隐之志，故后用“归去来”为归隐之典。仲宣：三国时王粲的字，王粲初依荆州刘表，未被重用，作《登楼赋》，以抒归土怀乡之情。后为曹操所重，从曹操西征张鲁。
从军乐：即《从军行》。王粲曾作《从军行》五首，主要抒发行役之苦和思妇之情。
满江红·暮雨初收创作背景
词上片言“临岛屿、蓼烟疏淡，苇风萧索”，点明为六七月之景。词下片写“严陵滩”景色，说明此词作于柳永赴睦州任官途经严陵滩之时，或者在睦州任上，时间应为景佑元年至二年（1034-1035）之间。
参考资料：
1、薛瑞生．柳永词选．北京市：中华书局，2005年1月第1版：102-104
2、贺新辉 等．宋词精品鉴赏辞典．北京市：中国社会科学出版社，2003年1月第1版：46
满江红·暮雨初收鉴赏
柳永仕途蹭蹬，年届五十，方才及第，游宦已倦，由此产生了归隐思想。这首词就是归隐思想的流露，抒发了词人对游宦生涯的厌倦和对归隐生活的向往之情。
词一开始，“暮雨”三句，雨歇川静，日暮舟泊，即以凄清的气氛笼罩全篇。水蓼和芦苇都是于秋天繁盛开花，可见时间是萧瑟的秋天；雨后的秋夜，更使人感到清冷。“临岛屿”二句，写船傍岛而停，岸上蓼苇，清烟疏淡，秋风瑟瑟。景色的凄凉与词人心境的凄凉是统一的，含有无限哀情。这几句写傍晚泊船情景，以静态描写为主。至“几许”以下，词人笔调突然一扬，由静态变为动态，写渔人飞艇，灯火归林，一幅动态的画面呈现在眼前，日暮归家，温暖、动人的生机腾然而起。这里以动景反衬上面的静景，反使词人所处的环境显得更加静寂。一个“飞”字和一个“尽”字，把渔人归家的喜悦表现得极具神韵，又同时从反面引出“遣行客”、“伤漂泊”二句，渔人双桨如飞，回家团聚，而词人却远行在外，单栖独宿，触动归思。整个上片分为两段，前半段写景，后半段抒情，情景之间融合无隙，境界浑然。
词的上片明确点出了“伤漂泊”的感情基调，下片则具体的写出了“伤漂泊”的具体内涵。换头再以景起，上片是夜泊，下片是早行。“桐江好”六句，句短调促，对仗工整，语意连贯，一气呵成，先写江山之美。美好的河山扫尽了昨夜的忧愁，桐江上空，晨雾浓密，碧波似染，峰峦如削，白鹭飞翔，鱼虾跳跃，生动美丽的景色使词人心情欢娱。从感情线索上看，这里又是一扬。但因为词人情绪总的基调是愁苦的，欢娱极为短暂，又很快进入低谷，“严陵滩”三字已埋下伏笔，这里以乐景写哀，江山美好，鱼鸟自由，渔人团聚，而词人一年到头都是四海为家，宦游成羁旅，于是“游宦区区成底事”之叹自然从肺腑流出，词人得出的结论是不值得，不如及早归隐，享受大自然和家庭的天伦之乐。“云泉约”三字收缴上文，同时也启发下文，具有开合之力，所以结语痛快地说“归去来，一曲仲宣吟，从军乐”，用王粲《从军乐》曲意，表明自己再不想忍受行役之苦了。
柳永的这首词抑扬有致的节奏中表现出激越的情绪，从泊舟写到当时的心绪，再从忆舟行写到日后的打算，情景兼融，脉络清晰多变，感情愈演愈烈，读来倍觉委婉曲折、荡气回肠。可见柳永不愧是一位书写羁旅行役之苦的词中高手。
这首词当时在睦州民间广为流传，深受百姓喜爱。据北宋僧人文莹的《湘山野录》记载“范文正公谪睦州，过严陵祠下。会吴俗岁祀，里巫迎神，但歌《满江红》，有‘桐江好，烟漠漠，波似染，山如削，绕严陵滩畔，鹭飞鱼跃’之句。公曰：‘吾不善音律，撰一绝送神。’曰：‘汉包六合网英豪，一个冥鸿惜羽毛。世祖功臣三十六，云台争似钓台高？’吴俗至今歌之。”可见这首词当时在睦州民间广为流传，深受百姓喜爱。
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方干《
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旅次洋州寓居郝氏林亭》
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李清照《
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菩萨蛮·风柔日薄春犹早》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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李锴
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太原公子方隶军，药师却渡黄河津。津头萧萧风雪暮，亦是寻常行路人。
惊龙怒虎易形似，难画英雄当此际。常山太华隐欲动，千尺光芒垂至地。
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抱膝吟
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：
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于石
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治乱古来有，英雄今岂无。
人情云聚散，世态草荣枯。
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赠董士勉归海州并问讯刘贡寓学正
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明代：
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郑真
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风云浩渺泛灵槎，三径归来菊有花。疏广宅东天入海，龙且城外水囊沙。
宾筵且复成娱乐，帝阙终须拜宠嘉。好语黉宫刘博士，休将简策问生涯。
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送张晋台博士宰徐闻
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明代：
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于慎行
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诸生祖帐拥离颜，云际飞凫不可攀。万里天悬琼岛月，三秋人住谷城山。
梅花北岭通闽路，海水南头望汉关。此日鲛人愁正极，因君欲见去珠还。