浣溪沙·昨夜新看北固山
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清代]：王国维
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昨夜新看北固山，今朝又上广陵船。金焦在眼苦难攀。
猛雨自随汀雁落，湿云常与暮鸦寒。人天相对作愁颜。
浣溪沙·昨夜新看北固山译文及注释
译文
昨夜才游览了壮丽的北固山，今朝又登上了去扬州的客船。最遗憾的是，金山、焦山入望不远也无法攀登。
一阵暴雨随着沙汀上的雁行降落，浓湿的云层下暮鸦归飞，更觉荒寒。人和天，无言相对，彼此都充满着愁绪。
注释
浣溪沙：原为唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌名。此调分平仄两体，字数以四十二字居多，最早采用此调的是唐人韩偓，通常以其词《浣溪沙·宿醉离愁慢髻鬟》为正体。正体双调四十二字，上片三句三平韵，下片三句两平韵。
北固山：在江苏镇江市东北江滨。北临长江，山壁陡峭，形势险固，因名北固。有甘露寺、清晖亭、凌云亭等古迹。
广陵：扬州的别名。
金焦：金山和焦山。金山在镇江西北。焦山在镇江东北长江中，耸立于滚滚波涛中，气势雄伟，有定慧寺、吸江楼等古迹。
汀雁：雁常栖息于沙汀中，故云。
湿云：温度很大的云。
人天：人与天。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．王国维词新释辑评：中国书店出版社，2006：126
2、程观林．万里西风：中国青年出版社 ，1997：55
浣溪沙·昨夜新看北固山创作背景
光绪三十二年（1906年）春，罗振玉为学部参事。王国维遂追随罗振玉入北京。当时王国维由苏州取道镇江、扬州，经运河北上。一路上所见的无非是猛雨湿云，暮鸦汀雁，这些触发了王国维的愁绪，写下该词。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．王国维词新释辑评：中国书店出版社，2006：126
浣溪沙·昨夜新看北固山鉴赏
“昨夜新看北固山，今朝又上广陵船。金焦在眼苦难攀”，三句接连写出了四个地名，而且都是旅游胜地，初看给人一种游玩山水的感觉，细看却并非如此。首先到了京口北固山却只能“看山”而不能登山，这是一层遗憾。其次，纵然看山未能在白天而是晚上，这又是一种遗憾。而离开镇江的时候，有名的金山和焦山就近在眼前，却无缘享受登山之乐，这是第三层遗憾。这三句，完全是叙事的“赋”笔却又非单纯叙事。
“猛雨自随汀雁落，湿云常与暮鸦寒”，是在船中所闻所见。这两句看似单纯写景，其实是情景交融，浸透了作者的主观感受。因为雁与鸦都是大自然中的生命，都有求生的需求，看着它们遭受大自然风雨的打击。就使作者联想到人在谋生的奔波劳苦所受的打击。
“人天相对作愁颜”仍是写实：羁旅悲哀是人的愁颜，阴雨打开是天的悉颜。但在写实的同时，这种人天相对而愁的情景又给读者以更多的联想。
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王士熙《
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象石》
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白居易《
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暮江吟》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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