四和香·麦浪翻晴风飐柳
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清代]：纳兰性德
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麦浪翻晴风飐柳，已过伤春候。因甚为他成僝僽？毕竟是春迤逗。
红药阑边携素手，暖语浓于酒。盼到园花铺似绣，却更比春前瘦。
四和香·麦浪翻晴风飐柳译文及注释
译文
夏至春归，伤春的时节已经过了，而他还在因为什么烦恼？原来是伤春意绪仍在，春愁挑逗。
记得当年在芍药花下牵你的手，那耳畔暖语更胜美酒。好不容易盼到了繁花似锦的时候，可如今孤独的人却更加憔悴、消瘦。
注释
四和香：词牌名，又名四犯令。双调，上、下片各四句，五十字，句句押仄声韵。
风飐（zhǎn）柳：风吹动柳条。飐，风吹物使其颤动摇曳。
伤春：因春天到来而引起忧伤、苦闷。
僝僽（chán zhóu）：憔悴。王质《清平乐》：“从来清瘦，更被春僝僽，瘦得花身无可有。”
迤逗（yǐ dòu）：汪刻本等作“拖逗”。
红药阑：红芍药花之围栏。
素手：洁白的手，多形容女子之手。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍．纳兰性德词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2001：第118页
2、纳兰性德． 智品书业文史经典珍藏版家藏四库 纳兰词：万卷出版公司， 2011：第129页
四和香·麦浪翻晴风飐柳创作背景
该词具体创作时间不详，从词意来看乃伤春怀人之作，但具体所怀之人不详，从正文可以看出应为怀念宫中表妹之作。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德． 中国古典文学荟萃 纳兰词 上：北京燕山出版社，2001：101
2、闵译平．纳兰词全集 汇校汇注汇评：崇文书局，2015：第238页
四和香·麦浪翻晴风飐柳鉴赏
此篇写伤春怀人意趣，温柔旖旎。“麦浪翻晴风贴柳，已过伤春候”风中绿麦，似是海浪，涟涟无边，清香幽幽；杨柳飐飐，随风飘扬。“麦浪”、“风飐柳”说明春去夏来，伤春季节已过。起二句，格调清新健朗，似表明作者内心也是自有一番愉悦之情的。但果真如此吗？“因甚为他成僝僽”，“僝僽”即憔悴，愁苦，周紫芝《宴桃源》词有“宽尽沈郎衣，方寸不禁僝僽”由此可知“僝僽”绝非一般的忧愁、烦恼，而是因哀愁而颜色憔悴，形容枯槁，就是柳永所说的“衣带渐宽”。然而毕竟“已过伤春候”，既然为春感伤的时候早已过了，那词人为何还落寞依然？
这一点，词人似乎并不自知，所以才会有“因甚”的“扪心自问”。但真的不知吗？“毕竟是春迤逗”，上阕结句点出伤春意绪仍在。而这“春”字又不止于自然之春，个中亦含“春怀”、“春情”的内蕴。因而就有了下阕的回忆之语。
“红药阑边携素手，暖语浓于酒”，此二句承“春迤逗”而来，点明烦恼之由。这两句是缅怀当初两人幽会情景：犹记那日，在开满殷红芍药的阑边，他携起了她的素手，而她也不避闪，温言软语，笑意满眸。这一切如今想来，令人动情，亦使人伤感。“红药”，即芍药，“红药阑”即古诗词中常提及的芍药栏，药栏，亦泛指花栏。最早见于南朝梁庾肩吾《和竹斋》：“向岭分花径，随阶转药栏”，南宋赵长卿《长相思》中有：“药栏东，药栏西。记得当时素手时”。《牡丹亭》里也有：“转过那芍药栏前”。
“盼到花铺似绣，却更比春前瘦”，结二句再转回写此时之情景与感受，盼到花铺似绣，却仍不能相见，翻转之中更透过一层地表达出斯人独僬悴的情态，苦恋的悲哀。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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